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. 2023 May 1;24(5):1737-1741.
doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.5.1737.

Significance of Histone H3.3 (G34W)-Mutant Protein in Pathological Diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Upik A Miskad  1 , Futriani Syamsul  1 , Haslindah Dahlan  1 , Ni Ketut Sungowati  1 , Djumadi Achmad  1 , Muhammad P Johan  2
Affiliations

Significance of Histone H3.3 (G34W)-Mutant Protein in Pathological Diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Upik A Miskad et al. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the expression of Histone H3.3 glycine 34 to tryptophan (G34W) mutant protein in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone (GCTB).

Methods: This analytic observation research used a cross-sectional study design on 71 bone tumors. The cases involved 54 tissue samples diagnosed as GCBT. It was divided into GCTB primer (n=37), recurrent GCTB (n=5), GCTB with metastasis (n=9), and malignant GCTB (n=3). There were 17 samples mimics of GCTB also tested, including chondroblastoma (n=1), giant cell reparative granuloma (n=2), giant cell of tendon sheath (n=7), chondromyxoid fibroma (n=2), aneurysmal bone cyst (n=2), and giant cell-rich osteosarcoma (n=3). The Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of G34W-mutated protein in these bone tumors.

Result: The representation H3.3 (G34W) was expressed in the nuclei of mononuclear stromal cells but not stained on osteoclast-like giant cells. This study was analyzed by the Chi-square test, Fisher's test, specificity test, and sensitivity test. We obtained p = 0.001 for Histone H3.3 (G34W) mutant expression in GCTB vs Non-GCTB. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the expression level of Histone H3.3 (G34W) in the GCTB and its variants p-value = 0.183. We also obtained that the specificity of Histone H3.3 expression on GCTB was 100% and the sensitivity of Histone H3.3 on GCTB was 77.8%.

Conclusion: Histon H3.3 mutant as a mutated driver gene in an Indonesian GCTB can assist to diagnose GCTB and compare it from other bone tumors.

Keywords: G34W; Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB); Histone H3.3; osteoclast-like giant cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

All contributors report having no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A. H&E staining GCTB, B. H&E staining NON-GCTB (giant cell rich osteosarcoma), C. Histone H3.3 (G34W) positive expression, D. Histone H3.3 (G34W) Negative expression. x20
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