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Review
. 2023 May 27:11:goad027.
doi: 10.1093/gastro/goad027. eCollection 2023.

Endoscopic management of colorectal polyps

Pingting Gao  1 , Kaiqian Zhou  2 , Wei Su  1 , Jia Yu  2   3 , Pinghong Zhou  1
Affiliations
Review

Endoscopic management of colorectal polyps

Pingting Gao et al. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). .

Abstract

Colorectal polyps are premalignant lesions in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopic polypectomy is an effective strategy to prevent colorectal cancer morbidity and more invasive procedures. Techniques for the endoscopic resection of polyps keep evolving, and endoscopists are required to perform the most appropriate technique for each polyp. In this review, we outline the evaluation and classification of polyps, update the recommendations for optimal treatment, describe the polypectomy procedures and their strengths/weaknesses, and discuss the promising innovative methods or concepts.

Keywords: colonic lesion; colorectal polyps; polypectomy; therapeutic endoscopy.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Current status of polypectomy-related publications. (A) and (B) The top five countries in terms of number of publications; (C) publications in the past 6 years; (D)–(F) keywords related to polypectomy were analysed and demonstrated. MCP, multiple country publications; SCP, single country publications.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Recommended resection techniques for colorectal polyps. CSP, cold snare polypectomy; CFP, cold forceps polypectomy; HSP, hot snare polypectomy; EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Biopsy forceps polypectomy (BFP) procedure. (A) The colorectal polyp and biopsy forceps; (B) the action of biting off; (C) the scene after BFP.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Cold/hot snare polypectomy (CSP/HSP) procedure. (A)–(C) CSP procedure; (D)–(F) HSP procedure (with electrocautery).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Argon plasma coagulation (APC) procedure. (A) The scene before APC; (B) the scene after APC.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) procedure. (A)–(C) Small polyp (<2 cm) resected by using EMR; (D)–(F) polyp of >5 cm resected under EMR with the help of a nylon loop.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedure. (A) A large thick pedunculated polyp under endoscopy; (B) injection; (C) incision and dissection; (D) closure of the wound.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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