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. 2023;38(1):52-61.
doi: 10.15605/jafes.038.01.08. Epub 2023 Feb 25.

The Prevalence of Advanced Liver Fibrosis Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Experience in Penang, Malaysia

Xe Hui Lee  1 , Lisa Mohamed Nor  2 , Choon Seong Ang  3 , Toh Peng Yeow  1 , Shueh Lin Lim  1
Affiliations

The Prevalence of Advanced Liver Fibrosis Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Experience in Penang, Malaysia

Xe Hui Lee et al. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc. 2023.

Abstract

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor for Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It worsens the course of NAFLD. We investigated the prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis among patients with T2DM. Our secondary objectives were to describe patient demographics, to explore associated clinical factors, and to compare FIB-4 Index and liver stiffness measurement (LSM).

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study on 258 patients with T2DM duration of at least 10 years. Transient elastography (FibroScan®) was performed on all subjects. Advanced liver fibrosis was diagnosed based on LSM results. The FIB-4 index formula was used.

Results: The prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis was 22.1%. Associated factors were body mass index (BMI), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Independent factors were BMI and GGT (p=0.003 and p<0.001). FIB-4 index has 30.0% sensitivity, 85.0% specificity, 38.7% positive predictive value, and 79.4% negative predictive value in detecting advanced liver fibrosis by LSM criteria.

Conclusion: Our study confirmed the high prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis among patients with long-standing T2DM. This study suggests the benefit of advanced liver fibrosis screening in patients with a minimum of 10 years of T2DM, especially those with high BMI and GGT.

Keywords: FIB-4 index; advanced liver fibrosis; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; transient elastography; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scoring card for correlation between liver stiffness (kPa) and fibrosis stage (© Echosens™, Paris, France).,,,
Figure 2
Figure 2
Study participant flow.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The proportion of patients with advanced liver fibrosis based on different BMI cut-offs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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