Dietary interventions and precision nutrition in cancer therapy

Abstract

In recent years dietary interventions have become a promising tool in cancer treatment and have demonstrated a powerful ability to alter metabolism and tumor growth, development, and therapeutic response. However, because the mechanisms underlying dietary therapeutics are poorly understood, they are frequently ignored as a potential line of treatment for cancer. We discuss the proposed mechanisms behind the anticancer effects of various diets and their development for clinical use. This review aims to provide researchers and clinicians in the field of oncology with a complete overview of the contemporary landscape of nutritional interventions and precision nutrition as cancer therapeutics, and offers a perspective on the steps necessary to establish nutritional interventions as a standard line of treatment.

Keywords: caloric restriction; cancer metabolism; dietary interventions; fasting; fasting-mimicking diet; ketogenic diet; precision nutrition; time-restricted feeding.