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. 2023 Jan-Mar;13(1):23-28.
doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_378_22. Epub 2023 Mar 27.

Salivary 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and its Correlation with Postprandial Hyperglycemia: Development and Validation of a Novel Assay

Priyadarshini Subramaniam Kedarnath  1 , S Sathasiva Subramanian  2 , Emmanuel Bhaskar  3 , Mohan Kasi  4 , Vinod Pillai  4 , Saravanan Subramanian  4 , Venkat Manohar  4
Affiliations

Salivary 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and its Correlation with Postprandial Hyperglycemia: Development and Validation of a Novel Assay

Priyadarshini Subramaniam Kedarnath et al. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2023 Jan-Mar.

Abstract

Background: Saliva has the potential to be used as a noninvasive sample for testing hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) decreases with an increase in blood sugar >180 mg/dl. We hypothesized that salivary 1,5-AG can be used to identify blood sugar higher than 180 mg/dl using a novel biochemical method.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a novel biochemical method for serum and salivary assessment of 1,5-AG and assess its correlation with postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) >180 mg/dl.

Methodology: The study comprised 45 controls (healthy individuals) and 45 cases (type 2 diabetic patients with PPBS >180 mg/dl). Blood and salivary samples were collected according to the study protocol. A new method was developed for the quantification of 1,5-AG in serum and saliva using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results: The value of serum (mean -22.19 μg/ml and median -22.12 μg/ml) and salivary (mean -0.124 μg/ml and median -0.088 μg/ml) 1,5-AG was higher in healthy individuals compared to corresponding serum (mean -3.89 μg/ml and median -2.52 μg/ml) and salivary (mean -0.025 μg/ml and median - 0.025 μg/ml) levels in diabetics with PPBS >180 mg/dl. In diabetics, a significant negative correlation was noticed with PPBS levels and 1,5-AG levels in serum and saliva. Salivary 1,5-AG level <0.054 μg/ml had an 86.4% sensitivity and 87.2% specificity in predicting a blood sugar value >180 mg/dl.

Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the short-term glycemic marker 1,5-AG can be detected in saliva and can be useful as an adjunct marker in monitoring of glycemic status in diabetic patients.

Keywords: Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; salivary 1,5-anhydroglucitol; salivary biomarker; short-term glycemic marker; tandem mass spectrometry; type II diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Correlation between serum and salivary 1,5-AG with X-axis plotted with serum 1,5-AG levels and Y-axis plotted with salivary 1,5-AG levels. 1,5-AG: 1,5-anhydroglucitol
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation between serum 1,5-AG levels and PPBS values. X-axis is plotted with PPBS values and Y-axis with serum 1,5-AG levels. 1,5-AG: 1,5-anhydroglucitol. PPBS: Postprandial blood sugar
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between salivary 1,5-AG levels and PPBS values. X-axis plotted with PPBS values and Y-axis with salivary 1,5-AG levels. 1,5-AG: 1,5-anhydroglucitol. PPBS: Postprandial blood sugar
Figure 4
Figure 4
Receiver operating characteristics of diagnostic accuracy parameters of salivary 1,5-AG compared with serum 1,5-AG as reference standard. 1,5-AG: 1,5-anhydroglucitol
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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