Complications of Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy Among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) is the method of choice for patients incapable of ingesting nutrition orally. The complications related to PRG are classified into major and minor complications. This article presents the prevalence of major and minor complications of PRG among adult patients admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 2017 and 2018.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study, which included adult patients who underwent a new PRG intubation between 2017 and 2018 in KAMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The variables reviewed were the demographics, comorbidities, indications of tube insertion, major and minor complications, and mortality rates.

Results: A total of 105 patients who underwent PRG were covered in this study with a mean age of 69.2 + 20.4 years. The most common indications were neurogenic pharyngeal dysphagia (31%) and dementia (29%). Most of the complications reported were minor (40%) and major complications were found in 2%. The percentage of patients with both minor and major complications was 37%. The patients who had no complications made up 21%. Major skin complication was reported in 19 patients (18%), while leakage was the most occurring minor complication found in 49 patients (47%). The 30-day mortality was observed in five patients (5%) and one-year mortality was observed in 21 patients (20%), and none of them were related to the PRG tube.

Conclusion: This study found that the PRG procedure had low rates of complications in KAMC. The majority were minor complications, and the mortality rate was low with none being related to the tube itself. So PRG may be considered to be a relatively safe procedure.

Keywords: gastrostomy tube; major complications; minor complications; percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy; prevalence.