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. 2023 May 18:14:1175907.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1175907. eCollection 2023.

The role of lutein-rich purple sweet potato leaf extract on the amelioration of diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced Sprague-Dawley rats

Ahmad Safiyyu'd-Din Bin Hisamuddin  1   2 , Ruth Naomi  3 , Khairul Aiman Bin Manan  2 , Hasnah Bahari  3 , Fezah Othman  2 , Hashim Embong  4 , Amin Ismail  5 , Qamar Uddin Ahmed  6 , Siti Hadizah Jumidil  3 , Mohd Khairi Hussain  2 , Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria  1
Affiliations

The role of lutein-rich purple sweet potato leaf extract on the amelioration of diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced Sprague-Dawley rats

Ahmad Safiyyu'd-Din Bin Hisamuddin et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

The objective of this study is to access the effect of purple sweet potato leaf (PSPL) extract on diabetic retinopathy (DR) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ, and diabetes was confirmed on day 7. Rats were further divided into a few groups, which were then orally administered with one of the following treatments: 25 mg/kg of gliclazide (D25G), 200 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 200), and 400 mg/kg of PSPL extract (DT 400). However, the normal control (NS) and control group for diabetic (DNS) were given normal saline (NS) for 12 weeks. The results show that the treated group demonstrated a reduction in serum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels of DT 200 and DT 400, and an increase in the serum and retinal insulin levels, and restored oxidative stress markers in serum and retina on week 12. The PSPL extract exhibited protective effects in maintaining the kidney, liver, retina, and pancreas architecture in 400 mg/kg compared to the 200 mg/kg treated group and D25G, thereby restoring fully transparent lenses in diabetes-induced rats. In conclusion, 400 mg/kg PSPL is the most effective dose for the amelioration of STZ-induced DR pathology in male SD rats.

Keywords: antioxidants; cataract; diabetes; plant; purple sweet potato; retinal changes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Effect of different concentrations of PSPL extract on the plasma glucose level represented as the area under the curve (AUC) during the 12-week treatment phase. Different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Effect of different concentrations of PSPL extracts on the serum insulin level during the 12-week treatment phase. Different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effect of different concentrations of PSPL extracts on the retinal insulin level during the 12-week treatment phase. Different letters indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extracts on the IL-17A level in the retina of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extracts on the IL-17A level in the serum of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the TAC level in the serum of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the FRAP level in the serum of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the GSH level in the serum of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 9
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the TAC level in the retina of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 10
FIGURE 10
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the FRAP level in the retina of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 11
FIGURE 11
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the GSH level in the retina of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 12
FIGURE 12
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the thickness of blood vessels of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 13
FIGURE 13
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the overall thickness of the retina of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
FIGURE 14
FIGURE 14
Effect of different treatments of PSPL extract on the outer nuclear layer (OLN) of diabetes-induced rats after the 12-week treatment phase. The different letter indicates a significant difference at p < 0.05 among the tested groups.
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