Protocol for WeExPAnd: a prospective, mixed-methods pilot demonstration study to increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis among women vulnerable to HIV infection in the Southern USA

Abstract

Introduction: African American women (AA), particularly those living in the Southeastern USA, experience disproportionately high rates of HIV infection. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective HIV prevention tool that may circumvent barriers to traditional HIV prevention tools, such as condom use; however, very little is known about how to improve PrEP access and uptake among AA women who may benefit from PrEP use. This project aims to understand how to increase PrEP access among AA women in the rural Southern USA, which may ultimately affect HIV incidence in this population.

Methods and analysis: The goal of the current study is to systematically adapt a patient-provider communication tool to increase PrEP uptake among AA women receiving care at a federally qualified health centre in Alabama. We will use an iterative implementation process, by assessing the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary impact of the tool on PrEP uptake, using a pilot preintervention/postintervention design (N=125). We will evaluate women's reasons for declining a referral to a PrEP provider, reasons for incomplete referrals, reasons for not initiating PrEP after a successful referral and ongoing PrEP use at 3 and 12 months after PrEP initiation among our sample. The proposed work will significantly contribute to our understanding of factors impacting PrEP uptake and use among AA women, particularly in underserved areas in the Deep South that are heavily impacted by the HIV epidemic and experience worse HIV-related health outcomes relative to other areas in the USA.

Ethics and dissemination: This protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at University of Alabama at Birmingham (Birmingham, AL; protocol 300004276). All participants will review a detailed informed consent form approved by the IRB and will provide written or verbal informed consent prior to enrolment. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed manuscripts, reports, and local, national and international presentations.

Trial registration number: NCT04373551.

Keywords: Feasibility Studies; HIV & AIDS; Health Education; Health Equity; Primary Prevention; SEXUAL MEDICINE.

Figure 1

Overview of the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) Implementation Framework for the study. The EPIS Implementation Framework a meta-theoretical framework incorporating components from multiple implementation process theories to guide intervention planning, adaptation and implementation. EPIS provides the overarching methodological framework to guide intervention adaptation in this study. EBPs, evidence-based practices; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis; IPV, intimate partner violence.

Figure 2

Flowchart of the informed consent, assessment and intervention process for the study. AA, African American; FQHC, federally qualified health centre; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis.