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. 2023;148(4):296-299.
doi: 10.1159/000531467. Epub 2023 Jun 8.

Are the Four Pillars the Ideal Treatment for the Elderly?

Otilia Țica  1 , Nicholay Teodorovich  2 , Asgher Champsi  1 , Moshe Swissa  2
Affiliations

Are the Four Pillars the Ideal Treatment for the Elderly?

Otilia Țica et al. Cardiology. 2023.
No abstract available

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Elderly; Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
BBs versus placebo hazard model for all-cause mortality and age. Hazard ratio for BBs compared with placebo in HFrEF patients with sinus rhythm. Age modeled as continuous variable, with results for each quarter superimposed. *Adapted by permission from BMJ Publishing Group Limited (Effect of age and sex on efficacy and tolerability of BBs in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction: individual patient data meta-analysis, Dipak Kotecha, Luis Manzano, Henry Krum, Giuseppe Rosano, Jane Holmes, Douglas G. Altman, Peter D. Collins, Milton Packer, John Wikstrand, Andrew J.S. Coats, John G.F. Cleland, Paulus Kirchhof, Thomas G. von Lueder, Alan S. Rigby, Bert Andersson, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Marcelo C. Shibata, Hans Wedel, Michael Böhm, and Marcus D. Flather, 353:i1855, 2016).
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