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Review
. 2023 Jul 1;32(4):370-376.
doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000809. Epub 2023 Jun 7.

BIA-ALCL in patients with genetic predisposition for breast cancer: our experience and a review of the literature

Riccardo Carbonaro  1   2 , Giuseppe Accardo  3 , Luca Mazzocconi  1   2 , Stefano Pileri  4   5 , Enrico Derenzini  6   7 , Paolo Veronesi  2   8 , Pietro Caldarella  8 , Francesca De Lorenzi  1
Affiliations
Review

BIA-ALCL in patients with genetic predisposition for breast cancer: our experience and a review of the literature

Riccardo Carbonaro et al. Eur J Cancer Prev. .

Abstract

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is an emerging non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that occurs exclusively in patients with breast implants. The estimated risk of developing BIA-ALCL from exposure to breast implants is largely based on approximations about patients at risk. There is a growing body of evidence regarding the presence of specific germline mutations in patients developing BIA-ALCL, rising interest regarding possible markers of genetic predisposition to this type of lymphoma. The present paper focuses attention on BIA-ALCL in women with a genetic predisposition for breast cancer. We report our experience at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy, describing a case of BIA-ALCL in a BRCA1 mutation carrier who developed BIA-ALCL 5 years after implant-based post mastectomy reconstruction. She was treated successfully with an en-bloc capsulectomy. Additionally, we review the available literature on inherited genetic factors predisposing to the development of BIA-ALCL. In patients with genetic predisposition to breast cancer (mainly TP53 and BRCA1/2 germline mutations), BIA-ALCL prevalence seems to be higher and time to onset appears to be shorter in comparison to the general population. These high-risk patients are already included in close follow-up programs allowing the diagnosis of early-stage BIA-ALCL. For this reason, we do not believe that a different approach should be followed for postoperative surveillance.

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References

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