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Review
. 2023 May 15;15(5):3026-3039.
eCollection 2023.

Protective effects of Chinese herbal monomers against ischemia-reperfusion injury

Adili Abudurexiti  1   2 , Bingzheng Feng  2 , Qingdong Nong  3 , Yingying Zhang  3 , Zhiran Xu  2 , Chunhua He  1 , Hongri Huang  4 , Jibing Chen  2   5 , Hongjun Gao  2   5
Affiliations
Review

Protective effects of Chinese herbal monomers against ischemia-reperfusion injury

Adili Abudurexiti et al. Am J Transl Res. .

Abstract

Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a complicated pathologic process that involves multiple factors including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium overload, inflammatory response, disturbances in energy metabolism, apoptosis, and some newly-described forms of programmed cell death (e.g., necroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, patanatos, and ferroptosis). Chinese herbal monomers (CHMs) have long been applied to treat ischemia-reperfusion injury based on a solid research foundation. This paper objectively reviews in vitro and in vivo studies on the use of CHMs to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: We reviewed 31 CHMs that have been shown to be effective for treating ischemia-reperfusion injury models of the heart, brain, and kidney. According to the mechanism of action, these CHMs were divided into three categories: protecting damaged histocytes, inhibiting inflammatory cells, and promoting the proliferation of damaged histocytes. Some CHMs were found to have more than one mechanism at the same time.

Results: Of the 31 CHMs, 28 protect damaged histocytes, 13 inhibit inflammatory cells, and three promote the proliferation of damaged histocytes.

Conclusions: CHMs show promise for treating ischemia-reperfusion injury. The eexisting treatment experiences for ischemia-reperfusion injury can be used as a reference.

Keywords: Chinese herbal monomers; cerebral infarction; ischemia-reperfusion injury; myocardial infarction; renal transplantation.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Protective mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers (CHMs) in histocytes against apoptosis. The black lines represent the signaling pathways, the red lines represent the effect of the CHMs on the signaling pathways, and the pink and green ovals represent the cell signaling molecules activated and inhibited by the CHMs. Numbers represent each type of CHMs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Protective mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers (CHMs) in histocytes against some new forms of programmed cell death. The black lines represent the signaling pathways, the red lines represent the effect of the CHMs on the signaling pathways, the pink and green ovals represent the cell signaling molecules activated and inhibited by the CHMs, and numbers represent each type of CHMs.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers (CHMs) inhibition in inflammatory cells. The black lines represent the signaling pathways, the red lines represent the effect of the CHMs on the signaling pathways, the pink and green ovals represent the cell signaling molecules activated and inhibited by the CHMs, and numbers represent each type of CHMs.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chinese herbal monomers (CHMs) with effects on cytokines and inflammatory cells. The left and right sides of the seesaw represent the promotion and inhibition of inflammation, the arrows up and down represent promotion and inhibition of cytokines and inflammatory cells, and numbers represent each type of CHMs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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