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. 2023 May;13(5):629-637.
doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.16. Epub 2023 May 17.

Asiatic acid in Centella asiatica extract towards morphological development in an intermittent hypoxia intrauterine embryo model and molecular prediction pathway of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signalling

Ariani Ariani  1   2 , Imelda Febriana Ghofar  3 , Husnul Khotimah  4 , Nurdiana Nurdiana  4 , Masruroh Rahayu  5
Affiliations

Asiatic acid in Centella asiatica extract towards morphological development in an intermittent hypoxia intrauterine embryo model and molecular prediction pathway of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signalling

Ariani Ariani et al. Open Vet J. 2023 May.

Abstract

Background: Hypoxia during pregnancy generates oxidative stress that alters the growth and development of the human fetus. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors are essential for normal fetal growth. Asiatic acid in Centella asiatica (CA) has antioxidant properties to prevent growth impairment in hypoxia.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of asiatic acid on the morphological development of an intermittent hypoxia (IH) zebrafish embryo model and analyze molecular docking prediction in IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling.

Methods: Embryos of zebrafish at 2 hours postfertilization (hpf) were assigned to control negative (C), IH, and combination IH and CA extract groups consisting of 1.25 (IHCA1), 2.5 (IHCA2), and 5 (IHCA3) µg/ml. Hypoxia treatment (conducted 4 hours/day) and CA extract were administered for 3 days (2-72 hpf). The parameters of body length and head length were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 days postfertilization (dpf). The data were analyzed by a two-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Molecular docking was performed to explore the binding affinity of asiatic acid to IGF-1R by Molegro Virtual Docker ver.5 software.

Results: The body length and head length of embryos in the IH and treatment groups (IHCA) were shorter than those in the control group at 3 dpf (p < 0.05). However, the body length was more prolonged in the IHCA1 group, but the head length was longer in the IHCA2 group than in the IH group at 6 and 9 dpf. Molecular docking showed the reliable interaction of asiatic acid with IGF-1R signaling in an IH animal model.

Conclusion: The administration of CA extract benefits IH through the development and growth of zebrafish embryos at a dose of 2.5-5 µg/ml. Asiatic acid has a binding affinity for IGF-1R signaling.

Keywords: Asiatic acid; Centella asiatica; IGF-1R; Morphology; Zebrafish embryo.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest among the authors in this research and publication.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.. The body length of embryonic zebrafish at 3, 6, and 9 dpf in the treatment groups. (a–g) Different notations show significant differences. Data are shown as the mean ± SD.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.. The head length of embryonic zebrafish at 3, 6, and 9 dpf in the treatment groups. The embryos in the control group were shown to have a significantly more extended head length than those in the other groups (p < 0.05). (a–e) Different notations show significant differences. Data are shown as the mean ± SD.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.. (A–C) The molecular interaction prediction between asiatic acid from CA and the IGF-1R compared to the IGF-1-insulin complex (D–F).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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