Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Sep:8:1-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.05.002. Epub 2023 May 14.

Antibody responses to mRNA versus non-mRNA COVID vaccines among the Mongolian population

Enkhbold Sereejav  1 , Ankhbayar Sandagdorj  2 , Purevbat Bazarjav  2   3 , Sarangua Ganbold  2 , Altansukh Enkhtuvshin  2 , Naranzul Tsedenbal  2 , Bayasgalan Namuuntsetseg  2 , Khishigmunkh Chimedregzen  2 , Darmaa Badarch  2 , Dashpagma Otgonbayar  2 , Bayarzaya Artbazar  4 , Oyunsuren Enebish  1 , Erdembileg Tsevegmid  1 , Huricha Baigude  3 , Uyanga Batzorig  5 , Bumdelger Batmunkh  2 , Baigalmaa Jantsansengee  2 , Chinbayar Tserendorj  2 , Bayarsaikhan Dorjderem  2 , Bilegtsaikhan Tsolmon  2 , Tsogzolmaa Ganbold  2
Affiliations

Antibody responses to mRNA versus non-mRNA COVID vaccines among the Mongolian population

Enkhbold Sereejav et al. IJID Reg. 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Background: A nationwide vaccination program against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was started in Mongolia 4 months after the first local transmission, which occurred in November 2020. Previous studies have reported that two doses of COVID-19 vaccine result in increased antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A study was conducted in Mongolia 2 weeks after the second vaccine dose. In the present study, the serum levels of antibodies of individuals 6 months after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those of individuals who had not been infected or had been infected but had received two doses of vaccine, including BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19, Gam-COVID-Vac, and BBIBP-CorV, which were used for COVID-19 in Mongolia.

Methods: Of the 450 participants in this study, 237 (52.66%) were female and 213 (47.33%) were male. Four hundred people with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection who received two doses of 4 different COVID-19 vaccine participated in the vaccine groups and vaccine plus SARS-CoV-2 infection groups (50 in each group) and 50 individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 participated in the unvaccinated group. Total antibody against SARS-CoV-2 infection, anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S protein human IgG, and antibody inhibiting RBD-ACE2 binding were tested.

Results: In the BNT162b2 vaccine group, total antibody against SARS-CoV-2 remained constant until 6 months, while the other vaccine groups showed a significant decrease, as compared to the unvaccinated group. The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD protein IgG was significantly increased in the ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19, Gam-COVID-Vac, and BNT162b2 vaccines groups as compared to the unvaccinated group. Participants in the BNT162b2 vaccine group had higher ACE2 inhibition efficiency compared to the other vaccine groups as well as the unvaccinated group.

Conclusions: The BNT162b2 vaccine showed the highest level of antibody against SARS-CoV-2, followed by the BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19 vaccines. The level of antibodies was increased in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination, as compared to uninfected but vaccinated individuals.

Keywords: Antibody response; Binding inhibition; COVID-19; Severity; Vaccine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Levels of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody: (A) in participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 who had not been vaccinated (Covid-19) and participants in the COVID-19 vaccine groups; (B) in each group according to sex; (C) in participants who got COVID-19 after two doses of vaccine: ‘−’ represents people not infected with SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of vaccine; ‘+’ represents people who became infected with SARS-CoV-2 after the vaccinations. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD protein: (A) in participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 who had not been vaccinated (Covid-19) and participants in the COVID-19 vaccine groups; (B) in each group according to sex; (C) in participants who got COVID-19 after receiving the vaccines: ‘−’ represents people not infected with SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of vaccine; ‘+’ represents people who became infected with SARS-CoV-2 after the vaccinations. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N protein IgG: (A) in participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 who had not been vaccinated (Covid-19) and participants in the COVID-19 vaccine groups; (B) in participants who got COVID-19 after receiving the vaccines: ‘−’ represents people not infected with SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of vaccine; ‘+’ represents people who became infected with SARS-CoV-2 after the vaccinations. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Percentage binding inhibition results of the COVID-19 Spike-ACE2 Binding Assay in participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 who had not been vaccinated (Covid-19), participants in the COVID-19 vaccine groups who did not got COVID-19 and individuals in vaccine plus SARS-CoV-2 infection groups who got COVID-19 after two doses of vaccine: (A) BBIBP-CorV (Vero cell) vaccine, (B) ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca), (C) Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine (Sputnik), and (D) BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. O'Driscoll M., Ribeiro Dos Santos G., Wang L., Cummings D.A.T., Azman A.S., Paireau J., Fontanet A., Cauchemez S., Salje H. Age-specific mortality and immunity patterns of SARS-CoV-2. Nature. 2021;590(7844):140–145. - PubMed
    1. Almaghaslah D., Kandasamy G., Almanasef M., Vasudevan R., Chandramohan S. Review on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Its outbreak and current status. Int J Clin Pract. 2020;74(11):e13637. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wu D., Wu T., Liu Q., Yang Z. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: What we know. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;94:44–48. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Нямдаваа П., тахал Цар. Халдварт Өвчин Судлалын Монголын Сэтгүүл. 2020:93. (No 2)
    1. Erkhembayar R., Dickinson E., Badarch D., Narula I., Warburton D., Thomas G.N., Ochir C., Manaseki-Holland S. Early policy actions and emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia: experiences and challenges. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(9):e1234–e1241. - PMC - PubMed