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Multicenter Study
. 2023 Jun 13;13(1):9584.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36623-1.

Survival outcomes of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy or immunotherapy as first-line in a real-life setting

Yaniss Belaroussi  1   2 , Fanny Bouteiller  3 , Carine Bellera  4   3 , David Pasquier  5 , Maurice Perol  6 , Didier Debieuvre  7 , Thomas Filleron  8 , Nicolas Girard  9 , Roland Schott  10 , Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier  4   3 , Anne-Laure Martin  11 , Sophie Cousin  12
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Survival outcomes of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy or immunotherapy as first-line in a real-life setting

Yaniss Belaroussi et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) has been modified due to the development of immunotherapy. We assessed survival outcomes (overall [OS] and progression-free [rwPFS] survivals, time-to-next-treatment [TNT]) in mNSCLC patients after first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy in real-life settings. Association between rwPFS and TNT, two candidate surrogate endpoints (SE), with OS was assessed. This retrospective multi-center study uses data from patients included in the Epidemio-Strategy Medico-Economic program with mNSCLC over 2015-2019. The impact of treatment on rwPFS/OS was evaluated with Cox models. Individual-level associations between SE and OS were estimated with an iterative multiple imputation approach and joint survival models. The population included 5294 patients (63 years median age). Median OS in immunotherapy group was 16.4 months (95%CI [14.1-NR]) and was higher than in chemotherapy group (11.6 months; 95%CI [11.0-12.2]). Improved OS was observed for the immunotherapy group after 3 months for subjects with performance status 0-1 (HR = 0.59; 95%CI [0.42-0.83], p < 0.01). The associations between rwPFS and TNT with OS were close ([Formula: see text]=0.57). Results emphasized a survival improvement with immunotherapy for patients in good health condition. There was moderate evidence of individual-level association between candidate SE and OS.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow-chart illustrating selection process for patients with metastatic lung cancer, ESME AMLC database, France, 2015–2019.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overall Survival (A), Progression Free Survival (B) and Time to Next Treatment (C) according to treatment group, ESME AMLC database, France 2015–2019 (in pink: chemotherapy; in green: immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Results of sensitivity analyzes for overall survival. Hazard ratio for overall survival, immunotherapy vs chemotherapy (reference), ESME AMLC, France 2015–2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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