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. 2023 Jun 14;17(1):54.
doi: 10.1186/s13065-023-00977-4.

Adsorption of Cd (II) by a novel living and non-living Cupriavidus necator GX_5: optimization, equilibrium and kinetic studies

Xingjie Li  1   2   3 , Qiusheng Xiao  4   5   6 , Qin Shao  4 , Xiaopeng Li  4   5 , Jiejie Kong  4 , Liyan Liu  4 , Zhigang Zhao  4   5 , Rungen Li  4   6
Affiliations

Adsorption of Cd (II) by a novel living and non-living Cupriavidus necator GX_5: optimization, equilibrium and kinetic studies

Xingjie Li et al. BMC Chem. .

Abstract

Biosorbents have been extensively studied for heavy metal adsorption due to their advantages of low cost and high efficiency. In the study, the living and non-living biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5 previously isolated were evaluated for their adsorption capacity and/or removal efficiency for Cd (II) through batch experiments, SEM and FT-IR investigations. The maximum removal efficiency rates for the live and dead biomass were 60.51% and 78.53%, respectively, at an optimum pH of 6, a dosage of 1 g/L and an initial Cd (II) concentration of 5 mg/L. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was more suitable for fitting the experimental data, indicating that the rate-limiting step might be chemisorption. The Freundlich isotherm model fit better than the Langmuir isotherm model, implying that the adsorption process of both biosorbents was heterogeneous. FT-IR observation reflected that various functional groups were involved in Cd (II) adsorption: -OH, -NH, C=O, C-O and C-C groups for the living biomass and -OH, -NH, C-H, C = O, C-N and N-H groups for the dead biomass. Our results imply that non-living biosorbents have a higher capacity and stronger strength for absorbing Cd (II) than living biomass. Therefore, we suggest that dead GX_5 is a promising adsorbent and can be used in Cd (II)-contaminated environments.

Keywords: Adsorption; Biosorbent; Cadmium; Cupriavidus necator GX_5.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Effect of pH on the adsorption capacity of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of initial Cd (II) concentration on the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of dosage on the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of contact time on the adsorption capacity of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Pseudo-first-order (a) and pseudo-second-order (b) kinetic plots of the living (A) and non-living (B) biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Langmuir (a) and Freundlich (b) isotherm plots of the living (A) and non-living (B) biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
SEM images of the living (A) and non-living (B) biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5 before (a) and after (b) adsorption
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
FT-IR spectra of living (A) and non-living (B) biomass of Cupriavidus necator GX_5 before and after adsorption
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