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. 2023 Sep;35(5):492-499.
doi: 10.1177/10406387231181579. Epub 2023 Jun 16.

Assessment of inter-observer agreement among experienced and inexperienced observers and an automated device for dipstick urinalysis in dogs and cats

Mario Cervone  1 , Lydia Rossi  1 , Julien Cappelle  2 , Benoit Rannou  3 , Marine Hugonnard  1
Affiliations

Assessment of inter-observer agreement among experienced and inexperienced observers and an automated device for dipstick urinalysis in dogs and cats

Mario Cervone et al. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Standard visual urine dipstick analysis (UDA) is performed routinely in veterinary medicine; results can be influenced by both the operator and the method. We evaluated the agreement of results for canine and feline urine samples analyzed using a 10-patch dipstick (Multistix10SG; Siemens), both visually under double-anonymized conditions by students and a laboratory technician, and with an automated device (AD; Clinitek Status, Siemens). The mean concordance for semiquantitative urinalysis results between students and the technician and between students and the AD was fair (κ0.21-0.40) in dogs and cats; concordance was moderate between the technician and the AD (κ0.41-0.60) in dogs and good (κ0.61-0.80) in cats. For pH, the mean concordance between students and the technician and between the technician and the AD was good (ρ0.80-0.92) in dogs and cats; concordance was good between students and the AD (ρ0.80-0.92) in dogs and moderate (ρ0.59-0.79) in cats. Repeatability was higher (p < 0.001) for the technician and the AD than for a student. We found good agreement between UDA performed by an experienced operator and an AD in dogs and cats but found low reproducibility and low repeatability for urinalysis performed by an inexperienced operator.

Keywords: cats; dogs; urinalysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between the experienced laboratory technician and students for urinalysis results in dogs. Bil = bilirubin; Blo = blood; Glu = glucose; Ket = ketones; Leu = leukocytes; Pro = protein; Uro = urobilinogen.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between the experienced laboratory technician and students for urinalysis results in cats. See Fig. 1 legend for abbreviations.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between the experienced laboratory technician and the automated analyzer for dipstick urinalysis results in dogs. See Fig. 1 legend for abbreviations.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between the experienced laboratory technician and the automated analyzer for urinalysis results in cats. See Fig. 1 legend for abbreviations.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between students and the automated analyzer for urinalysis results in dogs. See Fig. 1 legend for abbreviations.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) for each semiquantitative urinary variable between students and the automated analyzer for urinalysis results in cats. See Fig. 1 legend for abbreviations.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Mean CV for urinalysis results obtained by both experienced and inexperienced operators and the automated device.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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