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. 2023 Jun 16;13(1):9773.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36882-y.

Exploration of KIR genes and hematological-related diseases in Chinese Han population

Ye-Mo Li #  1 , Yu-Xia Li #  1 , Xiao-Zhuang Hu #  1 , Dai-Yang Li  1 , Lin An  1 , Zhi-Yang Yuan  1 , Zhong-Liang Liu  1 , Ke-Ming Du  1 , Zhong-Zheng Zheng  2
Affiliations

Exploration of KIR genes and hematological-related diseases in Chinese Han population

Ye-Mo Li et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The function of natural killer (NK) cells has previously been implicated in hematopoietic-related diseases. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) play an important role in NK cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To explore the immunogenetic predisposition of hematological-related diseases, herein, a multi-center retrospective study in China was conducted, analyzing and comparing 2519 patients with hematopathy (mainly, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome) to 18,108 individuals without known pathology. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction with specific sequence primers (PCR-SSP). As a result, we discovered four genes including KIR2DL5 (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.93; Pc = 0.0405), 2DS1 (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.93; Pc = 0.0405), 2DS3 (OR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.41-0.81; Pc = 0.0180), and 3DS1 (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.94; Pc = 0.0405) to be protective factors that significantly reduce the risk of aplastic anemia. Our findings offer new approaches to immunotherapy for hematological-related diseases. As these therapies mature, they are promising to be used alone or in combination with current treatments to help to make blood disorders a manageable disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Heat map of KIR gene and various diseases. AA: aplastic anemia; ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML: acute myelocytic leukemia; MDS: myelodysplastic syndromes. *Pc < 0.05, P values for multiple comparisons were adjusted by Bonferroni correction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation between KIR gene and disease. (a) KIR susceptibility in patients with aplastic anemia; (b) KIR susceptibility in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia; (c) KIR susceptibility in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia; (d) KIR susceptibility in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio, which describes the odds of cases being KIR genes carriers to the odds of controls being KIR genes carriers. Pc values for multiple comparisons were corrected by Bonferroni correction.
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