Cognitive Performance changes during a 20-day Winter Military Training Course and the Following 10-day Recovery Period

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a winter military field training course consisting of strenuous physical stressors (e.g. physical activity, sleep deprivation and cold weather) on cognitive performance among Finnish soldiers.Methods: Fifty-eight (age 19 ± 1 years, height 182 ± 6 cm, body mass 78.5 ± 7.2 kg) male soldiers took part in a 20-day military field training course in northern Finland. Cognitive performance was assessed before, during, and after the course four times on a tablet computer. Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) was used to assess soldier's executive and inhibitory function. Baddeley's 3-min reasoning task (BRT) was used to assess grammatical reasoning, and Change Blindness (CB) task was used to assess visual perception.Results: Strenuous winter field training had detrimental effects in all performance tests compared to baseline. SART response rate decreased 27.3% (p < 0.001), and BRT and CB task scores decreased 20.6% (p < 0.01) and 14.1% (p < .05), respectively.Conclusion: The present study showed a decline in soldier's cognitive performance after 20-days of physically demanding winter military field training. To be able to optimise field training, it is important to be aware of how cognitive performance changes during military exercises and missions.

Keywords: Cold weather training; recovery; soldier’s cognitive performance; stress; testing.

Figure 1.

Percentage change in SART omission error rate and reaction time, BRT score and response rate and CB score in the measurements as compared to baseline (PRE measurement).