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Review
. 2023 Jun 10:2023:4547875.
doi: 10.1155/2023/4547875. eCollection 2023.

Comparison of Biological Properties and Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Mesoderm and Ectoderm

Zhenning Wang  1   2 , Meng Huang  1   2 , Yu Zhang  1   2 , Xiaoxia Jiang  3 , Lulu Xu  2
Affiliations
Review

Comparison of Biological Properties and Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Mesoderm and Ectoderm

Zhenning Wang et al. Stem Cells Int. .

Abstract

Since the discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the 1970s, they have been widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases because of their wide sources, strong differentiation potential, rapid expansion in vitro, low immunogenicity, and so on. At present, most of the related research is on mesoderm-derived MSCs (M-MSCs) such as bone marrow MSCs and adipose-derived MSCs. As a type of MSC, ectoderm-derived MSCs (E-MSCs) have a stronger potential for self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulation and have more advantages than M-MSCs in some specific conditions. This paper analyzes the relevant research development of E-MSCs compared with that of M-MSCs; summarizes the extraction, discrimination and culture, biological characteristics, and clinical application of E-MSCs; and discusses the application prospects of E-MSCs. This summary provides a theoretical basis for the better application of MSCs from both ectoderm and mesoderm in the future.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sources and markers of some representative E-MSCs (DPSC-dental pulp stem cells, SCAP-apical dental papilla stem cells, SHED-deciduous dental pulp stem cells, PDLSC-periodontal ligament stem cells, GMSC-gingival mesenchymal stem cells, and JMMSC-jaw marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Red indicates positively expressed while blue indicates negatively expressed surface markers).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Typical extraction process of DPSCs of human.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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