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Review
. 2023 Jun 6:14:1206334.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1206334. eCollection 2023.

Neopeltolide and its synthetic derivatives: a promising new class of anticancer agents

Sheila I Peña-Corona  1 , Héctor Hernández-Parra  2 , Sergio A Bernal-Chávez  1 , Néstor Mendoza-Muñoz  3 , Alejandra Romero-Montero  1 , María Luisa Del Prado-Audelo  4 , Hernán Cortés  5 , Dilek Arslan Ateşşahin  6 , Solomon Habtemariam  7 , Zainab M Almarhoon  8 , Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis  9   10 , Babagana Modu  10   11 , Javad Sharifi-Rad  12 , Gerardo Leyva-Gómez  1
Affiliations
Review

Neopeltolide and its synthetic derivatives: a promising new class of anticancer agents

Sheila I Peña-Corona et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Being the first or second cause of death worldwide, cancer represents the most significant clinical, social, and financial burden of any human illness. Despite recent progresses in cancer diagnosis and management, traditional cancer chemotherapies have shown several adverse side effects and loss of potency due to increased resistance. As a result, one of the current approaches is on with the search of bioactive anticancer compounds from natural sources. Neopeltolide is a marine-derived macrolide isolated from deep-water sponges collected off Jamaica's north coast. Its mechanism of action is still under research but represents a potentially promising novel drug for cancer therapy. In this review, we first illustrate the general structural characterization of neopeltolide, the semi-synthetic derivatives, and current medical applications. In addition, we reviewed its anticancer properties, primarily based on in vitro studies, and the possible clinical trials. Finally, we summarize the recent progress in the mechanism of antitumor action of neopeltolide. According to the information presented, we identified two principal challenges in the research, i) the effective dose which acts neopeltolide as an anticancer compound, and ii) to unequivocally establish the mechanism of action by which the compound exerts its antiproliferative effect.

Keywords: cancer; cytotoxic; marine-derived macrolide; natural antiproliferative drugs; neopeltolide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Neopeltolide structure proposed by Wright et al. (2007a). (A) And the revised structure by Youngsaye et al. (2007) and Custar et al. (2009) (B).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Potential applications of the natural extract neopeltolide and its synthetic derivates.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Mainly synthetic derivatives of neopeltolide with anticancer potential: Neopeltolide (A), 8,9-Dehydroneopeltolide (B), Neopeltolide-AMCA (C), Neopeltolide-BODIPY (D), Epoxyneopeltolide (E), Dihydroxyneopeltolide (F), Neo-diene-Z,E (G) and 9-Demethylneopeltolide (H).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Four complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Complex I (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase), Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), Complex III (coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase), and Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). Neopeltolide inhibits cytochrome c (Cyt C), decreasing ATP production.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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