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. 2022 Dec 15:8:e1165.
doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1165. eCollection 2022.

Privacy-preserving solution for vehicle parking services complying with EU legislation

Petr Dzurenda  1 , Florian Jacques  2 , Manon Knockaert  2 , Maryline Laurent  3 , Lukas Malina  1 , Raimundas Matulevicius  4 , Qiang Tang  5 , Aimilia Tasidou  3
Affiliations

Privacy-preserving solution for vehicle parking services complying with EU legislation

Petr Dzurenda et al. PeerJ Comput Sci. .

Abstract

Today, many modern cities adopt online smart parking services as best practices. Citizens can easily access these services using their smartphones or the infotainment panels in their cars. These services' primary objective is to give drivers the ability to quickly identify free parking slots, which should reduce parking time, save fuel, and relieve traffic in urban areas. However, the privacy offered by these services should be comparable to that of the standard paper-based parking solutions offered by parking ticket machines. On the other hand, a privacy-preserving smart parking service's design may raise a number of issues, including how to prevent double or multiple uses of parking tickets, how to prevent user tracking and profiling, how to revoke malicious users, how to handle data statistics without violating users' privacy, and how to comply with regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In this article, we present multidisciplinary research on a comprehensive vehicle parking system that protects users' privacy. The research includes a range of topics, from the examination of regulatory compliance to the design of privacy-preserving parking registration and vehicle parking services to the implementation of privacy-preserving parking data processing features for data analysts. We provide a security analysis of our concept as well as several experimental results.

Keywords: Intelligent infrastructure; Legislation; Parking services; Privacy by design; Privacy preserving statistical analysis; Privacy preserving technology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Privacy-preserving parking system.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Register user.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Issue parking permit.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Park vehicle.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Extend parking time.
Figure 6
Figure 6. WI-Schnorr partially blind signature.
Figure 7
Figure 7. Register algorithm.
Figure 8
Figure 8. Issue algorithm.
Figure 9
Figure 9. Verify algorithm.
Figure 10
Figure 10. Register algorithm implementing non-repudiation feature to the parking system.
Figure 11
Figure 11. Time complexity of Revoke algorithm.
Figure 12
Figure 12. Multi-client SSE functionality.
Figure 13
Figure 13. Boolean search time.
Figure 14
Figure 14. Token creation time.
Figure 15
Figure 15. Token size.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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