Incorporation of strontium borosilicate bioactive glass in calcium aluminate biocement: Physicomechanical, bioactivity and antimicrobial properties

Abstract

Strontium borosilicate bioactive glass (SrBG) and calcium aluminate cement (CA) composites have been synthesized. The primary goal of this work is to evaluate how SrBG affects the bioactivity and physico-mechanical characteristics of CA. To fulfill this aim, SrBG was prepared by melt-quenching method and utilized as a substitute for CA by 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%. To estimate the biological behavior of the prepared specimens, hydrᴏxyapatite layer (HA) establishment on the surface of cement paste was followed; after their immersion in a solution resembles human blood plasma (simulated body fluid solution (SBF)) at a temperature of about37 ± 0.5 °C for 4 weeks. The variations of pH, Ca and P ions concentrations in the SBF solution after soaking were determined. Compressive strength, apparent porosity, and bulk density were also measured. Via Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses, the main components had been analyzed. Using scanning electron microscope (SEM) attached to energy dispersive spectroscopy, morphology of the samples was investigated. Additionally, the antimicrobial property was also assessed. The results proved that the hydrᴏxyapatite layer (HA) was developed on the surface of the prepared samples after soaking in the biological solution (SBF). It was also found that increasing SrBG percent in synthesized samples promotes the physico-mechanical characteristics and also the bioactivity performance of CA cement. Finally, these materials also showed good inhibition behavior towards bacterial biᴏfilms, against S. aureus and E. coli. after 48h. This makes these materials excellent candidates for preventing growth of bacteria after their implantation in teeth or bone.

Keywords: Biᴏactivity; Calcium aluminate biocement; Composite materials; Hydrᴏxyapatite; Strontium borosilicate glass.