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Review
. 2023 Apr 20:1-16.
doi: 10.1007/s10904-023-02550-x. Online ahead of print.

Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review

Shruti Jha  1 , Ritu Rani  1 , Sandeep Singh  1
Affiliations
Review

Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review

Shruti Jha et al. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater. .

Abstract

Nanotechnology has inscribed novel perception into the material science and one of the most extensively used nanomaterials is Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with healthcare and biomedical applications. Because of its outstanding biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low cost, ZnO NPs have become one of the most prominent metal oxide NPs in biological applications. This review highlights the different aspects of ZnO NPs, like their green synthesis as a substitute of conventional route due to avoidance of threat of hazardous, costly precursors and subsequent mostly therapeutic applications. Due to their wide bandwidth and high excitation binding energy, ZnO NPs have undergone extensive research. In addition to their potential applications as antibiotics, antioxidants, anti-diabetics, and cytotoxic agents, ZnO NPs also hold a promising future as an antiviral treatment for SARS-CoV-2. Zn has antiviral properties and may be effective against a variety of respiratory virus species, particularly SARS-CoV-2. This review includes a variety of topics, including the virus's structural properties, an overview of infection mechanism, and current COVID-19 treatments. Nanotechnology-based techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 are also discussed in this review.

Keywords: Bio-medical applications; Biogenic synthesis; Nanotechnology; SARS-CoV-2; ZnO NPs.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Different biogenic methods of metal NPs synthesis
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Mechanism action of ZnO NPs as an anti-bacterial agent
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Various possible processes of ZnO NPs triggered the cytotoxicity of cancerous cells
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Modes of action of ZnO NPs as anti-diabetic agents
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The possible mode of action of ZnO NPs as an antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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