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Review
. 2023 May 10;32(9):1159-1171.
doi: 10.1007/s10068-023-01309-x. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Biofabrication of carbon quantum dots and their food packaging applications: a review

Velu Manikandan  1 , Sea Cheol Min  1
Affiliations
Review

Biofabrication of carbon quantum dots and their food packaging applications: a review

Velu Manikandan et al. Food Sci Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are an emerging class of novel carbon nanomaterials (< 10 nm). These zero-dimensional CQDs have recently invoked significant interest due to their high fluorescence ability, strong electronic conductivity, biocompatibility, excellent chemical stability, non-toxicity, and environmental safety. Bio-fabrication of CQDs from organic resources remains attractive owing to their excellent functional properties. An emerging class of CQDs is fabricated by various conventional methods. However, these methods need many chemical agents and instrument facilities. Bio-fabrication of CQDs has a lot of benefits because of its simple fabrication and eco-friendly. Therefore, the green synthesized CQDs are considered optimistic candidates for developing novel functional materials for food packaging applications. Thus, it is important to investigate the latest update on green-based CQDs for food packaging applications. This current review paper discusses the physicochemical properties of CQDs, the bio-fabrication of CQDs, and the fluorescent properties of CQDs along with their food packaging applications.

Keywords: Bio-fabrication; CQD; bio-waste resources; Environmentally safe; Food packaging applications.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Bio-fabrication of fluorescent CQDs and food packaging applications
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Bio-fabrication of CQDs through top-down and bottom-up methods
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Physical characterization tools and systematic descriptions
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
X-ray diffraction patterns (A) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (B) of fluorescent CQDs; Absorption spectra graph (C) and luminescence spectra of green synthesized CQDs (D); TEM images of biomass-derived CQDs (E and F). (Elango et al., 2022a; 2022b) Reproduced with permission from Elsevier, License no: 5453990205046 (Manikandan and Lee, 2022) and License no: 5452860503489
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
XPS spectrum of (A) full-survey scan, (B) C1s, (C) N1s, and (D) O1s of fluorescent CQDs. (Elango et al., 2022a; 2022b) Reproduced with permission from Elsevier, License no: 5452860503489
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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