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. 2023 Jun 26;23(1):423.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03119-3.

Impact of corticosteroid administration on the response of exposed dental pulp to capping with bioactive cements-experimental study on mongrel dogs

Hanan A Soliman  1 , Radwa Ibrahim El-Toukhy  2 , Mona Mohsen Abdo Ibrahim  3   4 , Mohammed E Grawish  5   6 , Mohamed Abdel Kader Sobh  7 , Salah Hasab Mahmoud  8   2
Affiliations

Impact of corticosteroid administration on the response of exposed dental pulp to capping with bioactive cements-experimental study on mongrel dogs

Hanan A Soliman et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: Corticosteroids are commonly used as a treatment for a variety of pathological conditions, however, systemic corticosteroid administration has adverse effects including impaired immune response and wound healing. Such complications may affect pulp healing after direct pulp capping. The current study evaluated the influence of corticosteroids on the healing ability of exposed dogs' dental pulps after direct pulp capping (DPC) with bioactive materials.

Methods: Ten healthy male dogs were assigned randomly into two groups, 5 dogs each: group I represent the control group which did not receive any medication, and group II was given corticosteroid for 45 days before DPC and till the dogs were euthanized (n = 75 teeth for each group). Following mechanical exposure, the pulps were randomly capped with either Ca(OH)2, MTA, or Biodentine. The pulpal tissues' reaction to the capping materials was evaluated 65 days postoperatively according to the following parameters: calcific bridge formation, pulpal inflammation, pulp necrosis, and bacterial infiltration.

Results: The corticosteroid-treated group revealed no significant difference compared to the control group concerning the pulp healing response (P > 0.05). Both Biodentine and MTA-treated specimens revealed significant differences with Ca(OH)2-treated specimens (P < 0.05) which displayed a superior positive effect of both MTA and Biodentine to Ca(OH)2 regarding all the parameters.

Conclusions: Direct pulp capping technique whenever indicated in subjects treated with corticosteroid immunosuppressive drugs like prednisone performed well in aseptic conditions especially when capped with bioactive materials.

Keywords: Corticosteroid; Direct pulp capping technique; Dogs’ teeth; Pulp capping material.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Photomicrographs of decalcified sections of the control and corticosteroid- treated groups at 65 days after pulp exposure allocated according to the materials used. a,b,c &d; Ca(OH)2, e,f,g &h; MTA and I,j,k&l; Biodentine. Ca(OH)2-treated specimens show reparative CB with VS and normal pulp with mild IC in the control group (a&b);however those in corticosteroid-treated group show partial CB with mild pulp disorganization underneath the capping material at the site of pulp exposure (c&d). MTA-treated specimens in both control and corticosteroid- treated groups show complete CB with normal tissue organization (e,f,g&h), however corticosteroid -treated group shows mild IC (g&h). Biodentine-treated specimens show thick CB and normal pulp organization with mild IC in the control group (i&j) and moderate IC in corticosteroid-treated specimens (k&l) CB, calcific bridge; VS, vacuole-like structure; IC, inflammatory cell infiltrates; D: dentin; OL: odontoblast cell layer; P: pulp; BV: blood vessels; Arrow heads show exposure sites; (H&E, a,c,e, g,i &k; 100x,/b,d, f, h, j& l 400x)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Photomicrograph of decalcified section of the control and corticosteroid- treated groups at 65 days after pulp exposure stained with Brown-Brenn allocated according to the materials used. a,a1; Ca(OH)2, b,b1; MTA and c,c1 Biodentine. No positive bacterial infiltration shown in control group specimens(a,b,c) and in corticosteroid-treated group (a1,b1,c1)(Brown-Brenn,100x).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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