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. 2023 May 30;13(6):910.
doi: 10.3390/biom13060910.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of CD93 in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

Federica Piani  1   2 , Giovanni Tossetta  3 , Gabriel Cara-Fuentes  4 , Davide Agnoletti  1   2 , Daniela Marzioni  3 , Claudio Borghi  1   2
Affiliations

Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of CD93 in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

Federica Piani et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

Introduction: Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 93 (also known as complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor C1qR1 or C1qRp) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that can also be present in a soluble (sCD93) form. Recent studies have investigated the role of this protein in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present systematic review aims to assess the associations between CD93 and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and disease at both the proteomic and genomic levels.

Methods: We conducted systematic searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to identify all human studies since inception to February 2023 that investigated the role of CD93 in CV risk factors, CVD, and CV-associated outcomes. The data collection and analysis have been independently conducted by two reviewers. The search terms included: cardiovascular, heart failure, acute stroke, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, cardiovascular death, MACE, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia, diabetes, cd93, c1qr, C1qR1, complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor.

Results: A total of 182 references were identified, and 15 studies investigating the associations between CD93 protein levels or CD93 genetic polymorphisms and the development or prevalence of CV risk factors (i.e., hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity) and CVD (i.e., heart failure, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke) were included. Although promising, the quality and dimension of the analyzed studies do not allow for a definitive answer to the question of whether CD93 may hold diagnostic and prognostic value in CVD.

Keywords: C1qR1; C1qRp; CD93; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular mortality; cardiovascular outcomes; cardiovascular risk factors; complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram illustrating the article selection process of this review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
CD93 function and its associations with cardiovascular diseases. In the left black box, CD93 is illustrated with its domains in either membrane-bound or soluble form. CD93 is mainly expressed by vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages and mediates multiple functions in physiology, as shown in the middle green box. The associations reported in the present systematic review between CD93 and the risk of diverse cardiovascular diseases are illustrated in the right red box. Created with www.biorender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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