Quality of Life and Kidney Function in Older Adults: Prospective Data of the SCOPE Study

Abstract

A longitudinal alteration in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over a two-year period and its association with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression was investigated among 1748 older adults (>75 years). HRQoL was measured by the Euro-Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS) at baseline and at one and two years after recruitment. A full comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed, including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The association between EQ-VAS decline and covariates was investigated by multivariable analyses. A total of 41% of the participants showed EQ-VAS decline, and 16.3% showed kidney function decline over the two-year follow-up period. Participants with EQ-VAS decline showed an increase in GDS-SF scores and a greater decline in SPPB scores. The logistic regression analyses showed no contribution of a decrease in kidney function on EQ-VAS decline in the early stages of CKD. However, older adults with a greater GDS-SF score were more likely to present EQ-VAS decline over time, whereas an increase in the SPPB scores was associated with less EQ-VAS decline. This finding should be considered in clinical practice and when HRQoL is used to evaluate health interventions among older adults.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; cohort studies; disease progression; older adults; prospective studies; quality of life.

Figure 1

Flowchart on in- and exclusion of individuals within the current analysis.

Figure 2

Scatterplot and linear fitted values of the difference in the EQ-VAS score from T0 to T2 (Δ EQ-VAS) and (A) Δ eGFR; (B) Δ GDS; (C) Δ SPPB scores; and (D) Δ SPPB balance scores, i.e., the difference from T0 to T2.