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. 2023 Jun 15;16(12):4405.
doi: 10.3390/ma16124405.

Quad-Band Metamaterial Perfect Absorber with High Shielding Effectiveness Using Double X-Shaped Ring Resonator

Mst Ishrat Jahan  1 , Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque  1 , Md Bellal Hossain  1 , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker  2   3 , Fahmi Elsayed  4 , Mohammad Salman  4 , Hamid Osman  5
Affiliations

Quad-Band Metamaterial Perfect Absorber with High Shielding Effectiveness Using Double X-Shaped Ring Resonator

Mst Ishrat Jahan et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

This study assesses quad-band metamaterial perfect absorbers (MPAs) based on a double X-shaped ring resonator for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. EMI shielding applications are primarily concerned with the shielding effectiveness values where the resonance is uniformly or non-sequentially modulated depending on the reflection and absorption behaviour. The proposed unit cell consists of double X-shaped ring resonators, a dielectric substrate of Rogers RT5870 with 1.575 mm thickness, a sensing layer, and a copper ground layer. The presented MPA yielded maximum absorptions of 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.9%, and 99.8% at 4.87 GHz, 7.49 GHz, 11.78 GHz, and 13.09 GHz resonance frequencies for the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes at a normal polarisation angle. When the electromagnetic (EM) field with the surface current flow was investigated, the mechanisms of quad-band perfect absorption were revealed. Moreover, the theoretical analysis indicated that the MPA provides a shielding effectiveness of more than 45 dB across all bands in both TE and TM modes. An analogous circuit demonstrated that it could yield superior MPAs using the ADS software. Based on the findings, the suggested MPA is anticipated to be valuable for EMI shielding purposes.

Keywords: MPA; density; moisture; pressure; sensing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Different views of the proposed MPA (a) upper view, (b) side view, (c) bottom view, and (d) simulation geometry.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Results of reflection, transmission, and absorption in (a) TE (b) TM modes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The design optimisation scenario.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Absorptions for square rings with varying widths in (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Absorption rates of outer X resonator with varying thicknesses in (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Absorption rates of inner X resonator with varying thicknesses in (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Absorptions for various substrates in (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Absorption behaviour analysis as a pressure sensor in (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Absorption behaviour analysis as a moisture sensor for (a) TE and (b) TM modes.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Absorption behaviour analysis as a density sensor in (a) TE and (b) TM mode.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Absorbance performance in (i) different incident angles: (a) TE mode, (b) TM mode; and (ii) different polarisation angles: (c) TE mode, (d) TM mode.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Analyses of surface current, H-field, and E-field at different frequencies: (a) 4.87 GHz; (b) 7.49 GHz; (c) 11.78 GHz; (d) 13.09 GHz.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Analyses of surface current, H-field, and E-field at different frequencies: (a) 4.87 GHz; (b) 7.49 GHz; (c) 11.78 GHz; (d) 13.09 GHz.
Figure 13
Figure 13
(a) Equivalent circuit (b) S11 results using CST and ADS simulator.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Shielding effectiveness results for TE and TM modes.
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