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Review
. 2023 Jun 20;28(12):4874.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28124874.

Sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae Family and Their Biological Activities

Sandra Amalia Riyadi  1 , Al Arofatus Naini  1 , Unang Supratman  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae Family and Their Biological Activities

Sandra Amalia Riyadi et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Sesquiterpenoids, an important class of natural products possessing three isoprene-derived units, are widely distributed across plants and have a variety of biological activities. All sesquiterpenoids are derived from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), a biosynthesis precursor that can form various carbon skeletons. In order to provide a reference for further research and development of these compounds, this review focused on the increasing number of isolated and volatile sesquiterpenoids found to be produced by plants of the Meliaceae family between 1968 and 2023. The related articles were collected from SciFinder, Google Scholar, and PubMed. According to a literature review, several studies were started for more than 55 years on the plant's stem barks, twigs, leaves, flowers, seeds, and pericarps, where approximately 413 sesquiterpenoid compounds from several groups such as eudesmane, aromadendrane, cadinane, guaiane, bisabolane, furanoeremophilane, humulene, germacrane, and oppositane-type were isolated and identified with some minor products. Additionally, the hypothetical route of sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis from this family was identified, and eudesmane-type was reported to be 27% of the total compounds. The antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds and major volatile sesquiterpenoids constituent on essential oil were also evaluated. The result showed the fundamental of using the sesquiterpenoid compounds from the Meliaceae family in traditional medicine and the discovery of new drugs.

Keywords: Meliaceae; biological activities; eudesmane-type; sesquiterpenoids.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The bark of Aglaia elaeagnoidea (a), dried stembarks of Aglaia elaeagnoidea (b), the tree of Dysoxylum parasiticum (c), and the fruits of Dysoxylum parasiticum (d). Photographs courtesy of Mr. Harto of the Bogoriense Herbarium.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The distribution of sesquiterpenoids-type isolated from the Meliaceae family.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Plausible biosynthetic pathways of sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae family.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Isolated acyclic sesquiterpenoids.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Isolated monocyclic sesquiterpenoids.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Isolated bicyclic sesquiterpenoids.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Isolated tricyclic, dimeric, trimeric sesquiterpenoids.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Acyclic and monocyclic volatile sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae family.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Bicyclic volatile sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae family.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Tricyclic and tetracylic volatile sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae family.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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