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Review
. 2023 Jun 5;11(6):1067.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines11061067.

Efficacy and Durability of Immune Response after Receipt of HPV Vaccines in People Living with HIV

Cecilia Losada  1 , Hady Samaha  1 , Erin M Scherer  1 , Bahaa Kazzi  1 , Lana Khalil  1 , Ighovwerha Ofotokun  2 , Nadine Rouphael  1
Affiliations
Review

Efficacy and Durability of Immune Response after Receipt of HPV Vaccines in People Living with HIV

Cecilia Losada et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

People living with HIV (PLH) experience higher rates of HPV infection as well as an increased risk of HPV-related disease, including malignancies. Although they are considered a high-priority group for HPV vaccination, there are limited data regarding the long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of HPV vaccines in this population. Seroconversion rates and geometric mean titers elicited by vaccination are lower in PLH compared to immunocompetent participants, especially in individuals with CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm3 and a detectable viral load. The significance of these differences is still unclear, as a correlate of protection has not been identified. Few studies have focused on demonstrating vaccine efficacy in PLH, with variable results depending on the age at vaccination and baseline seropositivity. Although waning humoral immunity for HPV seems to be more rapid in this population, there is evidence that suggests that seropositivity lasts at least 2-4 years following vaccination. Further research is needed to determine the differences between vaccine formulations and the impact of administrating additional doses on durability of immune protection.

Keywords: HIV; HPV vaccine; efficacy; human papillomavirus (HPV); immunogenicity; vaccine durability.

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Conflict of interest statement

E.M.S. received honoraria from Merck for lectures delivered. N.R. is a paid consultant for ICON and EMMES as well as a safety consultant for clinical trials and serves on the advisory boards for GSK and Moderna. Emory receives funds for N.R. to conduct research from Sanofi, Lilly, Merck, Quidel and Pfizer. C.L., H.S., B.K., L.K. and I.O. declare no conflicts of interest.

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