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Review
. 2022 Oct 6:2022:6960211.
doi: 10.1155/2022/6960211. eCollection 2022.

Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review

Sanaz Pourreza  1 , Pouria Sefidmooye Azar  2 , Sarvin Sanaie  3 , Nooshin Noshadi  4 , Saeedeh Jalali  5 , Hamid Reza Niazkar  6 , Arash Karimi  4 , Mahdi Vajdi  7
Affiliations
Review

Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review

Sanaz Pourreza et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. .

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is globally the leading cause of hepatic dysfunction. Garlic has many physiological benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and antidiabetes effects. The present study aimed to systematically review the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and its mechanisms of function in managing NAFLD and its associated complications. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements were applied to perform the study (CRD42021289348). The Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched until February 2022. According to the inclusion criteria, finally, 12 studies were entered into the study. The evidence provided in the study revealed that garlic could regulate the development of NAFLD via several mechanisms of action, such as lowering body weight, modulating lipid and glucose metabolism, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress (OS). Overall, the beneficial effects of garlic in the treatment of NAFLD make it a potential therapeutic and efficient agent in managing NAFLD and its related risk factors. There is an insufficient number of clinical trials addressing the effects of garlic in humans; therefore, conducting more human research in the future is recommended.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Animal of assess of bias.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Human assessments of bias.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Mechanism of action garlic on a biochemical pathway in NAFLD.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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