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Multicenter Study
. 2023 Jul 4;22(1):165.
doi: 10.1186/s12933-023-01868-7.

The impact of fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio, fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c on in-hospital mortality in patients with and without diabetes: findings from the China acute myocardial infarction registry

Kongyong Cui #  1 , Rui Fu #  1 , Jingang Yang  2 , Haiyan Xu  2 , Dong Yin  1 , Weihua Song  1 , Hongjian Wang  1 , Chenggang Zhu  1 , Lei Feng  1 , Zhifang Wang  3 , Qingsheng Wang  4 , Ye Lu  5 , Kefei Dou  6 , Yuejin Yang  7 ; CAMI Registry Investigators
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

The impact of fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio, fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c on in-hospital mortality in patients with and without diabetes: findings from the China acute myocardial infarction registry

Kongyong Cui et al. Cardiovasc Diabetol. .

Abstract

Background: Stress hyperglycemia was positively associated with poor prognosis in individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, admission glucose and stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) may not be the best indicator of stress hyperglycemia. We performed this study to evaluate the comparative prognostic value of different measures of hyperglycemia (fasting SHR, fasting plasma glucose [FPG], and hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) for in-hospital mortality in AMI patients with or without diabetes.

Methods: In this prospective, nationwide, multicenter China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry, 5,308 AMI patients including 2081 with diabetes and 3227 without diabetes were evaluated. Fasting SHR was calculated using the formula [(first FPG (mmol/l))/(1.59×HbA1c (%)-2.59)]. According to the quartiles of fasting SHR, FPG and HbA1c, diabetic and non-diabetic patients were divided into four groups, respectively. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality.

Results: Overall, 225 (4.2%) patients died during hospitalization. Individuals in quartile 4 had a significantly higher rate of in-hospital mortality compared with those in quartile 1 in diabetic cohort (9.7% vs. 2.0%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.070, 95% CI 2.014-8.228) and nondiabetic cohort (8.8% vs. 2.2%; adjusted OR 2.976, 95% CI 1.695-5.224). Fasting SHR was also correlated with higher in-hospital mortality when treated as a continuous variable in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Similar results were observed for FPG either as a continuous variable or a categorical variable. In addition, fasting SHR and FPG, rather than HbA1c, had a moderate predictive value for in-hospital mortality in patients with diabetes (areas under the curve [AUC] for fasting SHR: 0.702; FPG: 0.689) and without diabetes (AUC for fasting SHR: 0.690; FPG: 0.693). The AUC for fasting SHR was not significantly different from that of FPG in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Moreover, adding fasting SHR or FPG to the original model led to a significant improvement in C-statistic regardless of diabetic status.

Conclusions: This study indicated that, in individuals with AMI, fasting SHR as well as FPG was strongly associated with in-hospital mortality regardless of glucose metabolism status. Fasting SHR and FPG might be considered as a useful marker for risk stratification in this population.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01874691.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Fasting plasma glucose; Fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio; Glucose metabolism status; Hemoglobin A1c; In-hospital mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of the study. AMI acute myocardial infarction, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Rates of in-hospital mortality according to diabetes status and quartiles of A fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio, B Fasting plasma glucose, and C Hemoglobin A1c
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Comparison of the prognostic power of fasting SHR, FPG and HbA1c in patients A with diabetes and B without diabetes. AUC area under curve, CI confidence interval, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, SHR stress hyperglycemia ratio
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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