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1 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
2 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. Electronic address: yshi@coh.org.
1 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
2 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. Electronic address: yshi@coh.org.
It remains challenging to create a physiologically relevant human-brain-like environment that would support maturation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived microglia (hMGs). Schafer et al.1 (Cell, 2023) now develop an in vivo neuroimmune organoid model with mature homeostatic hMGs for the study of brain development and disease.
Schafer ST, Mansour AA, Schlachetzki JCM, Pena M, Ghassemzadeh S, Mitchell L, Mar A, Quang D, Stumpf S, Ortiz IS, Lana AJ, Baek C, Zaghal R, Glass CK, Nimmerjahn A, Gage FH.Schafer ST, et al.Cell. 2023 May 11;186(10):2111-2126.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.022.Cell. 2023.PMID: 37172564Free PMC article.
References
Schafer ST, Mansour AA, Schlachetzki JCM, Pena M, Ghassemzadeh S, Mitchell L, Mar A, Quang D, Stumpf S, Ortiz IS, et al. (2023). An in vivo neuroimmune organoid model to study human microglia phenotypes. Cell 186, 2111–2126.e20. 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.022.
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Butovsky O, and Weiner HL (2018). Microglial signatures and their role in health and disease. Nat. Rev. Neurosci 19, 622–635. 10.1038/s41583-018-0057-5.
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Neniskyte U, and Gross CT (2017). Errant gardeners: glial-cell-dependent synaptic pruning and neurodevelopmental disorders. Nat. Rev. Neurosci 18, 658–670. 10.1038/nrn.2017.110.
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Gosselin D, Skola D, Coufal NG, Holtman IR, Schlachetzki JCM, Sajti E, Jaeger BN, O’Connor C, Fitzpatrick C, Pasillas MP, et al. (2017). An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity. Science 356, eaal3222. 10.1126/science.aal3222.
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Shi Y, Inoue H, Wu JC, and Yamanaka S (2017). Induced pluripotent stem cell technology: a decade of progress. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov 16, 115–130. 10.1038/nrd.2016.245.
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