Long-Term and Stable Dental Therapies via an In Situ Spontaneous Medicine Delivery System

Abstract

Chronic oral diseases are boring, long-term, and discomfort intense diseases, which endanger the physical and mental health of patients constantly. Traditional therapeutic methods based on medicines (including swallowing drugs, applying ointment, or injection in situ) bring much inconvenience and discomfort. A new method possessing accurate, long-term, stable, convenient, and comfortable features is in great need. In this study, we demonstrated a development of one spontaneous administration for the prevention and therapy on a series of oral diseases. By uniting dental resin and medicine-loaded mesoporous molecular sieve, nanoporous medical composite resin (NMCR) was synthesized by a simple physical mixing and light curing method. Physicochemical investigations of XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-vis, N₂ adsorption, and biochemical experiments of antibacterial and pharmacodynamic evaluation on periodontitis treatment of SD rats were carried on to characterize an NMCR spontaneous medicine delivery system. Compared to existing pharmacotherapy and in situ treatments, NMCR can keep a quite long time of stable in situ medicine release during the whole therapeutic period. Taking the periodontitis treatment as an instance, the probing pocket depth value in a half-treatment time of 0.69 from NMCR@MINO was much lower than that of 1.34 from the present commercial Periocline ointment, showing an over two times effect.

Scheme 1. Schematic of Effective Release of Four Oral Disease Therapeutic Drug Molecules in the Oral Environment

Figure 1

XRD patterns of (A) SBA-15-1 and SBA-15-2 and (B) SBA-15 after loading different medicines; TEM images of (C) SBA-15-1, (D) SBA-15-2, (E) SBA-15-1@MINO, (F) SBA-15-1@CA, (G) SBA-15-1@MCZ, and (H) SBA-15-2@5-FU. The inset is the top view with the same scale bar.

Figure 2

FT-IR spectra of (A) SBA-15-1, SBA-15-2, and resin, (B) four kinds of medicines with featured absorptions, (C) SBA-15-1 loading MINO, CA, and MCZ and SBA-15-2 loading 5-FU and (D) NMCR containing different medicines.

Figure 3

Time-dependent UV adsorption curves of (A) NMCR@MINO, (B) NMCR@CA, (C) NMCR@MCZ, and (D) NMCR@5-FU in PBS solution.

Figure 4

Photograph of the inhibition zone of (A) NMCR@MINO, (B) NMCR@CA, and (C) NMCR@MCZ (three kinds of Petri dishes with diameters of 60, 90, and 120 mm were used to culture different species of bacteria). (D) Percentage plot of cell growth.

Figure 5

Photograph of dissected molars of rats at the (A) control group, (B) model group, and (C) sample group (labels a, b, c, and d indicate the endodontium, dentin, dental enamels, and periodontal parts, respectively). (D) SBI and (E) PI plots of control, model, and sample groups. (F) Compared PPD plots of control, model, sample groups’ and references’ results.