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. 2023 Jul 12;13(1):11256.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37921-4.

Sleep quality is a predictor of muscle mass, strength, quality of life, anxiety and depression in older adults with obesity

Rafael Genario  1   2 , Saulo Gil  1   2 , Gersiel Oliveira-Júnior  1   2 , Alice Erwig Leitão  1   2 , Tathiane Franco  1   2 , Ruan Célio Dos Santos Sales  1   2 , Eduardo Ferriolli  3 , Alexandre Leopold Busse  4 , Wilson Jacob Filho  4 , Bruno Gualano  1   2 , Hamilton Roschel  5   6
Affiliations

Sleep quality is a predictor of muscle mass, strength, quality of life, anxiety and depression in older adults with obesity

Rafael Genario et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

We aimed to investigate associations between sleep quality with selected quantitative and qualitative parameters of health in older individuals with obesity. Cross-sectional assessment (n = 95 men/women; ≥ 65 years; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) of sleep quality, body composition, handgrip strength, quality-of-life, anxiety/depression. Mean PSQI score was 6.3. Poor sleepers (n = 49) presented lower appendicular lean mass (ALM) (16.2 vs 17.8 kg; p = 0.0273), ALM/BMI (0.47 vs 0.53 kg/BMI; p = 0.0085), fat mass (48.6 vs 46.6%; p = 0.0464), handgrip strength (19.7 vs 22.0 kgf; p = 0.0542) and handgrip/BMI (0.57 vs 0.66 kgf/BMI; p = 0.0242) than good sleepers. They also had higher anxiety (8.6 vs 5.6; p = 0.0100) and depression (4.8 vs 3.2; p = 0.0197) scores, worse health-related quality-of-life and lower scores in mental (62.8 vs 73.0; p = 0.0223) and physical (52.9 vs 67.3; p = 0.0015) domains. Adjusted models showed that PSQI was negatively associated with ALM (β = - 0.13, 95% CI - 0.25; - 0.01) and health-related quality of life on physical (β = - 2.76, 95% CI - 3.82; - 1.70) and mental (β = - 2.25, 95% CI - 3.38; - 1.12) domains, and positively associated with anxiety (β = 0.57; 95% CI 0.26; 0.87) and depression (β = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13; 0.49). Poor sleep quality associates with impaired selected quantitative and qualitative parameters of health. Additionally, sleep quality was shown as an independent predictor of ALM, health-related quality-of-life, anxiety and depression in older individuals with obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Appendicular lean mass, fat mass and handgrip strength in poor (n = 49) and good sleepers (n = 46) patients. (A) Appendicular lean mass; (B) appendicular lean mass adjusted by BMI; (C) fat mass; (D) percentage of fat mass; (E) handgrip strength; (F) handgrip strength adjusted by BMI. BMI body mass index. Data is presented as individual data, mean, and standard deviation. *Indicates P < 0.05 for between-group comparisons using independent t-test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Healthy-related quality of life, anxiety (GAI), and depression (GDI) scores in poor (n = 49) and good sleepers (n = 46) patients. (A) Short Form-36 health survey in each domain; (B) mental health domain; (C) physical health domain; (D) geriatric anxiety inventory; (E) geriatric depression scale; a.u. arbitrary units. Data is presented as individual data, mean, and standard deviation. *Indicates P < 0.05 for between-group comparisons using independent t-test.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Direct acyclic graph of the association between sleep quality and appendicular lean mass (ALM), handgrip strength and quality of life. BMI: body mass index. Data is presented as individual data, mean, and standard deviation. *Indicates P < 0.05 for between-group comparisons using independent t-test.
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