Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023:1415:521-526.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_76.

Inhibition of Bacterial Peptidoglycan Cytopathy by Retina Pigment Epithelial PGRP2 Amidase

Marlyn P Langford  1 , Laura A Perilloux-Lyons  2 , A Scott Kavanaugh  2
Affiliations

Inhibition of Bacterial Peptidoglycan Cytopathy by Retina Pigment Epithelial PGRP2 Amidase

Marlyn P Langford et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023.

Abstract

Peptidoglycan (PGN) recognition protein 2 (PGRP2; N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase (NAMAA)) activity in corneal epithelial cells is thought to inhibit corneal inflammation by reducing the PGN-induced cytokines. PGRP2 has not been reported in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cell lysate NAMAA activity was measured densitometrically via cleavage of FITC-tagged muramyl dipeptide (FITCMDP). RPE lysate degradation of the cytopathic activity of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) receptor agonists was assessed by caspase-3 activation and DNA ladder detection and quantitation. PGRP2/NAMAA protein was detected in RPE cells by immunofluorescent antibody assay. RPE lysate NAMAA cleaved FITCMDP in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RPE lysate selectively inhibited PGN cytopathic activity of NOD1 agonists containing D-γ-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid and NOD2 containing L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine. The results suggest RPE PGRP2 amidase selectively degrades PGN that stimulate NOD-mediated cytopathic activity. The failure of RPE NAMAA to degrade pro-inflammatory PGN may play a role in bacterial retinopathies.

Keywords: Bacteria; Cytopathy; Meso-diaminopimelic acid; Muramyl dipeptide; N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase; NOD agonist; Retinopathy.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Vayalambrone D, Ivanova T, Misra A. Atypical central serous retinopathy in a patient with latent tuberculosis. BMJ Case Rep. 2012:bcr1120115231. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr.11.2011.5231 .
    1. Khan P, Khan L, Anjum N, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy secondary to tuberculosis: cause or coincidence. BMJ Case Rep. 2017:bcr2016216471. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2016-216471 .
    1. Kavanaugh AS, Shaukat BA, Pan JT, et al. Bilateral chronic central serous chorioretinopathy associated with IGRA latent tuberculosis infection: a case report and review. New Front Ophthalmol. 2020;6:1. https://doi.org/10.15761/NFO.1000254 . - DOI
    1. Zavoloka O, Bezditko P, Lahorzhevska I, et al. Clinical efficiency of helicobacter pylori eradication in the treatment of patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2016;254:1737–42. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sorbara MT, Philpott DJ. Peptidoglycan: a critical activator of the mammalian immune system during infection and homeostasis. Immunol Rev. 2011;243:40–60. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources