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. 2023 Jun 27:5:1221409.
doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1221409. eCollection 2023.

Dropout and compliance to physical exercise in menopausal osteopenic women: the European "happy bones" project

Elisa Grazioli  1 , Claudia Cerulli  1 , Eliana Tranchita  1 , Elisa Moretti  1 , Caterina Mauri  1 , Marianna Broccatelli  1 , Simona De Bellonia  1 , Beatrice-Aurelia Abalașei  2 , Iulian-Marius Dumitru  2 , Cristina-Elena Moraru  2 , Radu-Mihai Iacob  2 , Sergi Blancafort-Alias  3 , Aimar Intxaurrondo González  3 , Àlex Domingo Riau  3 , Albert Giménez I Sanz  4 , Graciela Inness Ramos  4 , Haci Ahmet Pekel  5 , Mustafa Altunsoy  5 , Secil Ozkan  6 , Asiye Ugras Dikmen  6 , Massimo Sacchetti  1 , Attilio Parisi  1
Affiliations

Dropout and compliance to physical exercise in menopausal osteopenic women: the European "happy bones" project

Elisa Grazioli et al. Front Sports Act Living. .

Abstract

Introduction: Decline in muscle mass and bone density seem to be two of the most disabling side effects of menopause that negatively affect women's quality of life. Promoting physical activity protocols in the workplace can represent a focal point in the prevention and management of several diseases. The study aims to evaluate the compliance and drop-out of menopausal osteopenic women engaged in combined training performed inside and outside the workplace. Strength and balance were analyzed to evaluate the effect of this protocol on osteoporosis prevention and the risk of falling.

Methods: 73 menopausal women were enrolled in 5 European countries. They performed 72 lessons of a combined training proposed in the working place (IW) or sport center (SC).

Results: Out of the total 39 women enrolled in the IW, 12.8% had to leave the program, while out of the 34 women enrolled in SC, 41.2% did not complete the training. According to the compliance results, 47% of women that completed the trained IW and 85% in the SC recorded high compliance (p = 0.019). Moreover, the strength of the lower limbs (p < 0.001) and static balance (p = 0.001) significantly improved in the whole group.

Discussion: In conclusion, proposing well-structured training in the workplace for menopausal women seems to reduce drop-out. Strength and balance results suggest its positive impact on bone health and risk of falls, despite where it is performed.

Keywords: bone; compliance; exercise; health; sport center; women; workplace.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the study design. IW, In the working place; SC, Sport Center; N, number.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structure of the well-tailored happy bones training protocol.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Participation rate in the protocol of women who were recruited in the working place (IW) (n = 34). The percentage was calculated on the total number of participants who completed the proposed activity. High = participation range between 100% and 75%; Moderate = participation range between 75% and 50%; Low = participation range between 50% and 25%.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Participation rate in the protocol of women who were recruited outside the workplace (n = 20). The percentage was calculated on the total number of participants who completed the proposed activity. High = participation range between 100% and 75%; Moderate = participation range between 75% and 50%; Low = participation range between 50% and 25%.
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