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. 2023 Sep:146:65-78.
doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.05.011. Epub 2023 May 19.

Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Mpox in Pediatric Patients and Their Management: A State-of-the-Art Systematic Review

Novonil Deb  1 , Poulami Roy  2 , Anuradha Biswakarma  3 , Therese Mary  4 , Sanah Mahajan  5 , Javeria Khan  6 , Aatam Shah  6
Affiliations

Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Mpox in Pediatric Patients and Their Management: A State-of-the-Art Systematic Review

Novonil Deb et al. Pediatr Neurol. 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Background: There is an increasing number of cases being reported of neurological manifestations of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and Monkeypox (Mpox), both during the course of the infection and as a presenting symptom. We aim to review the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and monkeypox in pediatric patients and their management.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review that included cohort studies and case series or reports involving a pediatric population of patients with a confirmed COVID-19 or Mpox infection and their neurological manifestations. We searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus.

Results: From 1136 articles identified, 127 studies were included. Headache, stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome, seizure, nerve palsies, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were the most common neurological symptoms caused by COVID-19, whereas encephalitis was commonly seen in patients with Mpox. Rare neurological manifestations of COVID-19 included cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, plexopathies, demyelinating disorders, encephalitis, etc., and rare neurological manifestations of Mpox included headache.

Conclusions: Our review highlights the importance of investigating possible neurological manifestations and closely monitoring these patients to develop a better understanding of the treatment strategies that can be adopted.

Keywords: COVID-19; Monkeypox; Neurology; Pediatric.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Supplementary concepts