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. 2023 Jun 21;11(13):1815.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare11131815.

Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Primary Care Socio-Ecological Approach to Improve Physical Activity Adherence among People with Type 2 Diabetes: The SENWI Project

Guillem Jabardo-Camprubí  1   2 , Anna Puig-Ribera  2 , Rafel Donat-Roca  3 , Pau Farrés-Godayol  4 , Sebastian Nazar-Gonzalez  5 , Mercè Sitjà-Rabert  6 , Albert Espelt  1   7 , Judit Bort-Roig  2
Affiliations

Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Primary Care Socio-Ecological Approach to Improve Physical Activity Adherence among People with Type 2 Diabetes: The SENWI Project

Guillem Jabardo-Camprubí et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Maintaining an active lifestyle is a key health behavior in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a socio-ecological Nordic walking intervention (SENWI) to enhance healthy behaviors in primary healthcare settings. Participants included individuals with T2D (n = 33; age 70 (95% CI 69-74)) and healthcare professionals (HCPs, n = 3). T2D participants were randomly assigned to a SENWI, active comparator, or control group for twelve weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated based on a mixed methodology. Quantitative data reported adherence information, differences between follow-up and dropout participants and pre- and post-intervention on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and health outcomes. Qualitative data acquisition was performed using focus groups and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Thirty-three T2D invited participants were recruited, and twenty-two (66.7%) provided post-intervention data. The SENWI was deemed acceptable and feasible, but participants highlighted the need to improve options, group schedules, gender inequities, and the intervention's expiration date. Healthcare professionals expressed a lack of institutional support and resources. Nevertheless, no significant difference between the SENWI follow-up and dropout participants or pre- and post- intervention was found (only between the active comparator and control group in the physical quality of life domain). Implementing the SENWI in primary healthcare settings is feasible and acceptable in real-world conditions. However, a larger sample is needed to assess the program's effectiveness in improving healthy behaviors and its impact on health-related outcomes in the long term.

Keywords: healthcare professionals; healthy behavior; physical activity; primary healthcare settings; sedentary behavior; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could influence the work reported in this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CONSORT diagram of the flow of participants through the study, including reasons for declining participants and withdrawment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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