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. 2023 Jun 30;12(13):4429.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12134429.

Use of Mechanical Chest Compression for Resuscitation in Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest-Device Matters: A Propensity-Score-Based Match Analysis

Roberto Primi  1   2 , Sara Bendotti  1 , Alessia Currao  1 , Giuseppe Maria Sechi  3 , Gianluca Marconi  3 , Greta Pamploni  4 , Gianluca Panni  5 , Davide Sgotti  5 , Ettore Zorzi  6 , Marco Cazzaniga  6 , Umberto Piccolo  6 , Daniele Bussi  7 , Simone Ruggeri  7 , Fabio Facchin  8 , Edoardo Soffiato  8 , Vincenza Ronchi  9 , Enrico Contri  4 , Paola Centineo  10 , Francesca Reali  11 , Luigi Sfolcini  12 , Francesca Romana Gentile  1   12 , Enrico Baldi  1 , Sara Compagnoni  1   12 , Federico Quilico  1   12 , Luca Vicini Scajola  1   12 , Clara Lopiano  1   12 , Alessandro Fasolino  1   12 , Simone Savastano  1 , All The Lombardia CARe Researchers
Affiliations

Use of Mechanical Chest Compression for Resuscitation in Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest-Device Matters: A Propensity-Score-Based Match Analysis

Roberto Primi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: Devices for mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are recommended when high quality CPR cannot be provided. Different devices are available, but the literature is poor in direct comparison studies. Our aim was to assess whether the type of mechanical chest compressor could affect the probability of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and 30-day survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) patients as compared to manual standard CPR.

Methods: We considered all OHCAs that occurred from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2022 in seven provinces of the Lombardy region equipped with three different types of mechanical compressor: Autopulse®(ZOLL Medical, MA), LUCAS® (Stryker, MI), and Easy Pulse® (Schiller, Switzerland).

Results: Two groups, 2146 patients each (manual and mechanical CPR), were identified by propensity-score-based random matching. The rates of ROSC (15% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) and 30-day survival (6% vs. 14%, p < 0.001) were lower in the mechanical CPR group. After correction for confounders, Autopulse® [OR 2.1, 95%CI (1.6-2.8), p < 0.001] and LUCAS® [OR 2.5, 95%CI (1.7-3.6), p < 0.001] significantly increased the probability of ROSC, and Autopulse® significantly increased the probability of 30-day survival compared to manual CPR [HR 0.9, 95%CI (0.8-0.9), p = 0.005].

Conclusion: Mechanical chest compressors could increase the rate of ROSC, especially in case of prolonged resuscitation. The devices were dissimilar, and their different performances could significantly influence patient outcomes. The load-distributing-band device was the only mechanical chest able to favorably affect 30-day survival.

Keywords: cardiac arrest; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; mechanical chest compression; resuscitation; survival.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study population.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Logistic regression for the probability of ROSC, considering manual CPR as a reference: both raw (panel (A)) and adjusted for confounders (panel (B)).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cox regression models for the risk of death at 30 days, considering manual CPR as a reference: both raw (panel (A)) and adjusted for confounders (panel (B)).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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