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. 2023 Jun 28;24(13):10807.
doi: 10.3390/ijms241310807.

Research Progress of Benzothiazole and Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Discovery of Agricultural Chemicals

Yue Zou  1 , Yong Zhang  1 , Xing Liu  1 , Hongyi Song  1 , Qingfeng Cai  1 , Sheng Wang  1 , Chongfen Yi  2 , Jixiang Chen  1
Affiliations

Research Progress of Benzothiazole and Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Discovery of Agricultural Chemicals

Yue Zou et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Benzoxazole and benzothiazole have a broad spectrum of agricultural biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, and herbicidal activities, which are important fused heterocyclic scaffold structures in agrochemical discovery. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, especially in the development of herbicides and insecticides. With the widespread use of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, there may be more new products containing benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in the future. We systematically reviewed the application of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in discovering new agrochemicals in the past two decades and summarized the antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, herbicidal, and insecticidal activities of the active compounds. We also discussed the structural-activity relationship and mechanism of the active compounds. This work aims to provide inspiration and ideas for the discovery of new agrochemicals based on benzoxazole and benzothiazole.

Keywords: SAR; agrochemical; benzothiazole; benzoxazole; mechanism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structure of some pesticides containing benzoxazole or benzothiazole scaffolds.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structure of benzoxazole and benzothiazole antibacterial active compounds 1–12.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structure of benzoxazole antifungal active compounds 13–18.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structures and modified fragments analysis of benzothiazole antifungal active compounds 19–29.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structures of benzothiazole fungicidal active compounds 30–36.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structures of benzothiazole fungicidal active compounds 37–48.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Chemical structures and modified fragments analysis of benzothiazole antiviral active compounds 49–61.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Chemical structures analysis of benzothiazole antiviral active compounds 62–75.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Chemical structures analysis of benzoxazole and benzothiazole herbicidal active compounds 76–84.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Chemical structures and modified fragments analysis of benzothiazole insecticidal active compounds 85–88.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Chemical structures of benzothiazole insecticidal active compounds 89–99.
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