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. 2023 Jun 30;13(13):1984.
doi: 10.3390/nano13131984.

Fabrication of Z-Type TiN@(A,R)TiO2 Plasmonic Photocatalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Wanting Wang  1 , Yuanting Wu  1 , Long Chen  1 , Chenggang Xu  1 , Changqing Liu  1   2 , Chengxin Li  2
Affiliations

Fabrication of Z-Type TiN@(A,R)TiO2 Plasmonic Photocatalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Wanting Wang et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

Plasmonic effect-enhanced Z-type heterojunction photocatalysts comprise a promising solution to the two fundamental problems of current TiO2-based photocatalysis concerning low-charge carrier separation efficiency and low utilization of solar illumination. A plasmonic effect-enhanced TiN@anatase-TiO2/rutile-TiO2 Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst with the strong interface of the N-O chemical bond was synthesized by hydrothermal oxidation of TiN. The prepared photocatalyst shows desirable visible light absorption and good visible-light-photocatalytic activity. The enhancement in photocatalytic activities contribute to the plasma resonance effect of TiN, the N-O bond-connected charge transfer channel at the TiO2/TiN heterointerface, and the synergistically Z-type charge transfer pathway between the anatase TiO2 (A-TiO2) and rutile TiO2 (R-TiO2). The optimization study shows that the catalyst with a weight ratio of A-TiO2/R-TiO2/TiN of approximately 15:1:1 achieved the best visible light photodegradation activity. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of fabricating plasmonic effect-enhanced Z-type heterostructure semiconductor photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light-photocatalytic activities.

Keywords: LSPR; TiO2; Z-type system; photocatalyst.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
XRD results of the prepared samples obtained with various H2O2 content.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FT-IR spectra of TiN and sample S2.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) TEM; (b) HRTEM; (c) HADDF images and EDS mappings of the elements N (d); O (e); Ti (f) for S2.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XPS spectra of S2: (a) full spectrum; (b) Ti 2p; and (c) O1s.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) Photodegradation performance; (b) kinetics of all prepared catalysts; (c) cycling experiments of sample S2; and (d) XRD patterns of the as-prepared and cycled sample S2.
Figure 6
Figure 6
EPR results of (a) DMPO-•O2−; (b) DMPO-•OH with sample S2.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) UV–Vis DRS; (b) Plot of (αhv)1/2 versus hν; (c) PL spectra; (d) TP curves; (e) EIS plots; (f) band structures of the samples S1 (blue), S2 (red), S3 (purple), S4 (orange), P25 (yellowish-brown) and TiN (green).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Schematic illustration of the possible charge carrier transfer mode in Type-Ⅱ and direct Z-type photocatalysts.
Figure 9
Figure 9
(a) TEM; (b) HRTEM; (c) HADDF images and EDS mappings of the elements Ag (d); N (e); O (f); Ti (g) for S2 with photo-deposited Ag nanoparticles.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a,b) Schematic illustration of the formation and a possible photoinduced catalytic mechanism of the TiN@(A,R)TiO2 heterojunction.
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