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. 2023 Jun 25;15(13):2811.
doi: 10.3390/polym15132811.

Enhancing Hydrophobicity and Oxygen Barrier of Xylan/PVOH Composite Film by 1,2,3,4-Butane Tetracarboxylic Acid Crosslinking

Guoshuai Liu  1 , Kang Shi  1 , Hui Sun  1   2 , Biao Yang  1 , Yunxuan Weng  1   2
Affiliations

Enhancing Hydrophobicity and Oxygen Barrier of Xylan/PVOH Composite Film by 1,2,3,4-Butane Tetracarboxylic Acid Crosslinking

Guoshuai Liu et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Hemicellulose has potential advantages in food packaging because of its abundant reserves, degradability and regeneration. However, compared with fossil-derived plastic films, hemicellulose-based films show inferior hydrophobicity and barrier properties because of their low degree of polymerization and strong hydrophilicity. Focusing on such issues, this work covers the modification of a xylan/polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) film using 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as esterifying agent. The thus prepared composite film was more compact owing to the esterification reaction with xylan and PVOH forming a crosslinked network structure and reducing the distance between molecular chains. The results showed that BTCA had a positive effect on the oxygen barrier, hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of the composite film. The tensile strength of the xylan/PVOH composite film with 10% BTCA content increased from 11.19 MPa to 13.99 MPa. A 20% BTCA loading resulted in an increase in the contact angle of the composite film from 87.1° to 108.2°, and a decrease in the oxygen permeability from 2.11 to 0.43 (cm3·µm)/(m2·d·kPa), corresponding to increase in the contact angle by 24% and a decrease in oxygen permeability by 80%. The overall performance enhancement indicates the potential application of such composites as food packaging.

Keywords: 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid; barrier properties; hydrophobic properties; xylan.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Crosslinking reaction of the matrix (PVOH-Xylan) and BTCA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FT−IR spectra of BTCA (a) and BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite film (b).
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images of BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite films.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XRD patterns of PVOH and xylan (a) and BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite films (b).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Contact angle results of BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite films.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Typical tensile–strain curves of BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite films.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Thermogravimetric (TGA) curves (a) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves (b) of BTCA-crosslinked xylan/PVOH composite films.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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