Effect of phototherapy on the ductus arteriosus diameter in extremely premature infants: A randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common complication among preterm infants (especially birth weight < 1000 g) and is closely associated with mortality and morbidity. Phototherapy (PT) is frequently used in the treatment of jaundice in premature infants in the first week of life. The relationship between PT and PDA has been investigated in a small number of studies but has not been fully elucidated because the studies had varying results.

Aim: To examine the effect of PT on parameter (DA diameter, left atrial/aortic root ratio) in premature infants.

Methods: The study was planned as a prospective, randomised, double-blind study. A total of 83 infants <1000 g and < 30 weeks of gestation were included, and they were divided into two groups: the non-shielded and shielded groups. The babies included in the study were evaluated with a Doppler echocardiogram before and after PT.

Results: The hemodynamically significant PDA (hs-PDA) and left atrial/aortic root ratio significantly decreased in the shielded group, and the need for treatment due to PDA was significantly lower. The PT times of both groups were similar.

Conclusion: Shielding application decreases the rate and severity of hs-PDA in extremely premature babies receiving PT.

Keywords: Ductus arteriosus; Phototherapy; Premature.