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. 2023 Jun 25;9(7):e17629.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17629. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Prognosis of patients with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A single-center cohort study with ten-year follow-up by propensity score matching analysis

Ye He  1 , Chaoping Yu  2 , Ling Zhou  3 , Hongmei Zhang  4   5 , Huihui Ma  4   5 , Mingjiang Liu  4   5 , Jianhong Tao  4   5 , Wei Hua  6 , Tianhu Liu  2 , Xiaoping Li  4   5   6
Affiliations

Prognosis of patients with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A single-center cohort study with ten-year follow-up by propensity score matching analysis

Ye He et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common hereditary cardiomyopathy. However, few studies have investigated the prognosis of familial HCM (FHCM) through clinical data. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of FHCM and non-FHCM through propensity score matching analysis.

Methods and results: The cohort study included 1243 patients with HCM between 1996 and 2013 in Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, among whom 125 patients had FHCM. During a mean follow-up of 7.6 ± 3.8 years (interquartile range: (IQR) 5.0-10.0 years), 217 (16.57%) of the 1243 patients had died, including 3 patients who underwent cardiac transplantation. Using 30 demographic and clinical variables, a 4:1 propensity score matched cohort for FHCM was established. The stepwise variable selection procedure for the Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify the factors associated with mortality and competing risk regression analysis was performed to analyze the competitive risk of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality. The results showed that FHCM patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation (log-rank χ2 = 6.8, P = 0.0084) and an increased tendency of sudden cardiac death (SCD) (log-rank χ2 = 3.2, P = 0.074) compared with non-FHCM patients, but there was no difference in all-cause mortality (log-rank χ2 = 2.7, P = 0.1) between the two groups. Moreover, the Cox model showed that FHCM was an independent prognostic predictor for cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation in HCM patients.

Conclusion: FHCM patients had a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation and a higher tendency of SCD than non-FHCM patients, but there was no difference in all-cause mortality. Moreover, FHCM was an independent prognostic predictor for cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation in HCM patients.

Keywords: All-cause mortality; Cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation; Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Prognosis; Propensity score matching; Sudden cardiac death.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Kaplan Meier curves of the unmatched cohort. (a) All-cause mortality. (b) Cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation. (c) SCD.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kaplan Meier curves of the matched cohort. (a) All-cause mortality. (b) Cardiovascular mortality/cardiac transplantation. (c) SCD.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Cumulative risk curve of FHCM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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