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. 2023 Jun 28;9(7):e17760.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17760. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Isolation and characterization of agro-waste biomass sapodilla seeds as reinforcement in potential polymer composite applications

Nalaeram Sivaram R  1 , Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani  1 , Sivakumar P  1 , Srinivasan M  1 , Surya Narayana Boyina Yagna  1 , Ebrahimnezhad-Khaljiri Hossein  2 , Meena M  3 , Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa  4 , Suchart Siengchin  4   5
Affiliations

Isolation and characterization of agro-waste biomass sapodilla seeds as reinforcement in potential polymer composite applications

Nalaeram Sivaram R et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Fillers or particulate fillers find a growing utilization as reinforcement material in polymer composites due to their ability to enhance the properties of the ensuing composites. The discarded seed in sapodilla fruit is available in abundant and the shell of the seed can be used as a reinforcing filler. The primary goal of this study is to extract and characterize the sapodilla seed shell powder (SSS) physically and chemically in order to assess its potential for reinforcement as a particulate filler in polymer composites. The sapodilla seed shell filler was characterized experimentally by Physio-chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The morphology and the filler size were determined by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Particle size analysis. The thermal degradation behaviour was evaluated by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Keywords: Particulate filler; Physio-chemical analysis; Polymer composites; Thermal stability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Process of seed collection and the extraction of filler.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
FTIR spectrum of the sapodilla seed filler.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
X-ray diffractograms of the sapodilla seed filler.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Particle size analysis of the sapodilla seed filler.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
SEM micrographs of the sapodilla seed filler.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
EDAX spectra of the sapodilla seed filler.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
(a) Primary thermograms of the sapodilla seed filler; (b) Derivative thermograms of the sapodilla seed filler.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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