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. 2023 Jul 6:229:21-46.
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.229.102737. eCollection 2023.

Checklist of Orchidaceae from Caquetá, Colombia

Tatiana Arias  1   2 , Jeisson Chaux-Varela  3 , Maria Del Pilar Camero  3 , R Alexis Calderon-Álvarez  3   4 , Anyi Carolina Trujillo  3 , Marco A Correa-Munera  3   5 , Alejandro Zuluaga  6 , Oscar Perdomo  3 , Oscar A Pérez-Escobar  7 , Edwin Trujillo-Trujillo  3 , Janice Valencia-D  3
Affiliations

Checklist of Orchidaceae from Caquetá, Colombia

Tatiana Arias et al. PhytoKeys. .

Abstract

A checklist of Orchidaceae from Caquetá, Colombia is presented here. We recorded 98 genera and 418 species, exceeding a previous inventory by 276 species. The checklist is conservative in the number of genera and species by including only taxa that were fully and reliably identified and that are either linked to a corresponding herbarium voucher, a living collection specimen or a photo taken in the field and published in iNaturalist by one of the authors or a collaborator. The documented species diversity in the region could dramatically increase in the next few years with additional collecting efforts in the eastern slopes of the Andes nested in Caquetá. About 9% (418/4600) of all Orchidaceae species recorded for Colombia are reported for this area, showing the important contribution to orchid diversity of Andean-Amazonian foothills of Caquetá.

Keywords: Alpha diversity; Amazon; Andes; floristic studies; foothills; orchids.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Representative landscapes from Caquetá, Colombia. A general view of the Andean Piedmont in the Municipality of Florencia B Hills and rivers coming down from the eastern slopes of the Andes and flowing into the Amazonian Forest in the Municipality of Belen de los Andaquíes, the Pescado River C Hilly slopes from the Andean Piedmont transitioning to the Amazon Forest in the Municipality of Belen de los Andaquíes D General view of Amazonia Forest from a hilly slope of the eastern Andes, in the Municipality of Paujíl E, F Amazonian waterlogged Forest at La Laguna de Peregrinos, Municipality of Solano.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Representative Orchidaceae species from Caquetá, Colombia. AAciantheracasapensisBAciantheraciliataCLaeliaroseaDCatasetumtuberculatumECattleyaviolaceaFTrichocentrumnudumGCyrtochilumporrigensHEpidendrumfimbriatumIDimerandraemarginataJEpidendrumcoronatumKEpidendrumdifforme.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Representative Orchidaceae species from Caquetá, Colombia. AGaleandramacroplectaBMaxillariaaureoglobulaCMaxillariaegertonianaDMaxillariaequitansEMaxillariaparkeriFMaxillariaparvifloraGNotyliabarkeriHOncidiumalexandraeIOctomeriagrandifloraJProsthecheachimborazoensisKStanhopeacandidaLSobraliamacrophylla.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Distribution of orchid species number in Caquetá municipalities. A Orchid species distribution by municipality and a heatmap of species richness found in each of the municipalities B Number of orchid species found in each municipality and their geographic position (Andean Piedmont or Amazonian Basin).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Number of orchid species in most abundant genera of Caquetá, Colombia A number of species in the most species rich genera of Caquetá B pie chart showing the proportion of species in genera with 9 to 70 species.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Number of orchid species in the Colombian national herbaria and international herbaria. Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas – SINCHI (COAH), Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL), Herbario de la Universidad del Cauca (CAUP), Herbario de la Universidad del Valle (CUCV), Herbario de la Universidad de Caldas (FAUC), Herbario Federico Medem-Bogotá (FMB), Herbario de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (HPUJ), Herbario de la Universidad de Antioquia (HUA), Herbario Enrique Forero (HUAZ) de la Universidad de la Amazonia, Jardín Botánico José Celestino Mutis de Bogotá (JBB), Universidad de los Llanos (LLANOS>), Universidad de Nariño (PSO), Universidad Surcolombiana (SURCO), Herbario Forestal de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (UDBC), and Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC).Harvard University Oak Ames Herbarium (AMES), Herbario del Instituto Chinoin (AMO), Berlin (B), Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Herbarium (KEW), University of California, Los Angeles Herbarium (LA), the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid (MA), Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NL) - Botany (Herbarium Utrech), New York Botanical Garden (NY), the Herbier Museum Paris of the Museum National D´Histoire Naturelle (P), Marie Selby Botanical Gardens (SEL), TROPICOS database (access 2022) of the Missouri Botanical Garden (MO), Gdansk University (UGDA), University of Florida Herbarium (USF), W-Reichenbach (Vienna) and University of Wisconsin Herbarium (WIS).
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