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. 2023 Sep 1;85(9):907-911.
doi: 10.1292/jvms.23-0185. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

Diversity of Chlamydiales detected in pet birds privately kept in individual homes in Japan

Yukiko Sassa-O'Brien  1 , Kenji Ohya  2   3 , Shunsuke Ikeuchi  4 , Naoko Sanada  5 , Yasuyuki Sanada  5 , Atsushi Kojima  6 , Mario Yorisaki  7 , Kazumasa Ebisawa  8 , Kengo Ueda  9 , Haruko Iki  10 , Masaya Mizukami  11 , Hideki Hayashidani  4 , Hideto Fukushi  2
Affiliations

Diversity of Chlamydiales detected in pet birds privately kept in individual homes in Japan

Yukiko Sassa-O'Brien et al. J Vet Med Sci. .

Abstract

Chlamydia-related bacteria of the Chlamydiales order have recently been described as emerging pathogens that cause pneumonia and abortion in animals and humans. We investigated the presence of Chlamydiales using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by targeting the 16S rRNA gene of a broad range of Chlamydiales in 827 fecal samples from pet birds kept in individual homes in Japan. Of the 827 samples, 493 (59.6%) tested positive for the Chlamydiales 16S rRNA gene in the real-time PCR assay. We determined the nucleic acid sequences of PCR products from 17 Chlamydiales strains. A homology search and phylogenetic analysis using these sequences confirmed that the detected Chlamydiales included C. pecorum and a broad range of Chlamydia-related bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to detect a wide range of Chlamydia-related bacteria in birds.

Keywords: Chlamydia pecorum; Chlamydia-related bacteria; Chlamydiales; Japan; pet bird.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. The determined nucleic acid sequences of 106 bp were compared with those of reported Chlamydiales strains and non-Chlamydia bacteria as outgroups. The strain detected in this study is labeled with black circles. The sequences near uncultured Chlamydiales bacterium by gene homology search are indicated by asterisks. The scale bar represents the percentage of sequence diversity. The accession number of each nucleic acid sequence in the GenBank database is provided next to the species or strain name.
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