A critical review of the material properties guiding the clinician's choice of root canal sealers

Abstract

Objectives: The introduction of hydraulic cement sealers has increased the popularity of single cone obturation where the chemistry and properties of hydraulic cement sealers are crucial. This article has investigated the materials present on the market by reviewing the chemistry aiming at understanding whether these materials are optimized or have been tested appropriately.

Methodology: A market search on materials called bioceramic and hydraulic sealers was undertaken. The safety data sheet and manufacturer details for every material were searched and the components were checked. The literature was searched for information about the properties of these materials based on their composition.

Results: The safety data sheets and manufacturer details were imprecise with some manufacturers providing little detail on composition. From the publications reviewed, it is apparent that the materials used clinically are not optimized, and there is little evidence that the material chemistry and presentation aid the clinical technique in any way.

Conclusions: There has been a rapid increase in materials identifying as bioceramics on the market. These materials have diverse chemistries, and some of the constituents are not declared. This may affect the clinical performance of these materials.

Clinical significance: Smart materials developed on the clinical need which are appropriately tested are necessary for a paradigm shift in root canal obturation. It is important to use reputable materials that have been adequately researched in clinical practice.

Keywords: Hydraulic cements; Material chemistry; Root canal obturation; Root canal sealers.