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. 2023 Jul;44(7):711-716.
doi: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.7.20230238.

Assessment of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study from the central region of Saudi Arabia

Ahmad AlShomar  1 , Waleed Al Abdulmonem  1 , Qazi Shoeb Ahmad  1 , Mariam S Alharbi  1 , Resheed Alkhiari  1 , Essam M Hamad  1 , Zafar Rasheed  1
Affiliations

Assessment of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study from the central region of Saudi Arabia

Ahmad AlShomar et al. Saudi Med J. 2023 Jul.

Abstract

Objectives: To understand the impact of diabetes on bone mineral density and whether it increases the likelihood of osteoporosis.

Methods: This study was performed on 327 Saudis (aged >40 years) who were screened for osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus (DM). The levels of osteoporosis were determined by an estimation of Bone mineral density (BMD) using a DEXA scan examination. The data on BMD from diabetic subjects were compared with healthy nondiabetic controls.

Results: Out of 327 enrolled subjects, 38 (11.6%) were found to be osteoporotic, whereas 138 (42.2%) had DM. The data showed that the number of patients with osteoporosis in the DM group was 14 (36.8%), significantly lower than in nondiabetic patients, 21 (55.2%) (p=0.0015). Notably, the data showed no significant difference in the mean BMD of the femur in patients with DM (0.926 g/cm2) and non-diabetes (0.936 g/cm2) (p=0.280; T-score p=0.4746). The mean BMD levels in the spine of the DM study group (1.049 g/cm2) were significantly higher when compared with nondiabetic healthy controls (0.990 g/cm2) (p=0.0031).

Conclusion: Patients with diabetes had higher lumbar BMD than nondiabetics, although femoral BMD was similar. Patients with diabetes have a lower osteoporosis risk than nondiabetics.

Keywords: bone mineral density; osteoporosis; type 2 Diabetes.

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